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/* printf - format and print data
Copyright (C) 1990-2002, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
/* Usage: printf format [argument...]
A front end to the printf function that lets it be used from the shell.
Backslash escapes:
\" = double quote
\\ = backslash
\a = alert (bell)
\b = backspace
\c = produce no further output
\f = form feed
\n = new line
\r = carriage return
\t = horizontal tab
\v = vertical tab
\0ooo = octal number (ooo is 0 to 3 digits)
\xhhh = hexadecimal number (hhh is 1 to 3 digits)
\uhhhh = 16-bit Unicode character (hhhh is 4 digits)
\Uhhhhhhhh = 32-bit Unicode character (hhhhhhhh is 8 digits)
Additional directive:
%b = print an argument string, interpreting backslash escapes
The `format' argument is re-used as many times as necessary
to convert all of the given arguments.
David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu> */
#include <config.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include "system.h"
#include "long-options.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "closeout.h"
#include "unicodeio.h"
/* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
#define PROGRAM_NAME "printf"
#define AUTHORS "David MacKenzie"
#ifndef STDC_HEADERS
double strtod ();
long int strtol ();
unsigned long int strtoul ();
#endif
#define isodigit(c) ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '7')
#define hextobin(c) ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'f' ? (c) - 'a' + 10 : \
(c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'F' ? (c) - 'A' + 10 : (c) - '0')
#define octtobin(c) ((c) - '0')
/* The value to return to the calling program. */
static int exit_status;
/* Non-zero if the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable is set. */
static int posixly_correct;
/* This message appears in N_() here rather than just in _() below because
the sole use would have been in a #define. */
static char *const cfcc_msg =
N_("warning: %s: character(s) following character constant have been ignored");
/* The name this program was run with. */
char *program_name;
void
usage (int status)
{
if (status != 0)
fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
program_name);
else
{
printf (_("\
Usage: %s FORMAT [ARGUMENT]...\n\
or: %s OPTION\n\
"),
program_name, program_name);
fputs (_("\
Print ARGUMENT(s) according to FORMAT.\n\
\n\
"), stdout);
fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
fputs (_("\
\n\
FORMAT controls the output as in C printf. Interpreted sequences are:\n\
\n\
\\\" double quote\n\
\\0NNN character with octal value NNN (0 to 3 digits)\n\
\\\\ backslash\n\
"), stdout);
fputs (_("\
\\a alert (BEL)\n\
\\b backspace\n\
\\c produce no further output\n\
\\f form feed\n\
"), stdout);
fputs (_("\
\\n new line\n\
\\r carriage return\n\
\\t horizontal tab\n\
\\v vertical tab\n\
"), stdout);
fputs (_("\
\\xNNN byte with hexadecimal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)\n\
\n\
\\uNNNN character with hexadecimal value NNNN (4 digits)\n\
\\UNNNNNNNN character with hexadecimal value NNNNNNNN (8 digits)\n\
"), stdout);
fputs (_("\
%% a single %\n\
%b ARGUMENT as a string with `\\' escapes interpreted\n\
\n\
and all C format specifications ending with one of diouxXfeEgGcs, with\n\
ARGUMENTs converted to proper type first. Variable widths are handled.\n\
"), stdout);
printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
}
exit (status);
}
static void
verify (const char *s, const char *end)
{
if (errno)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", s);
exit_status = 1;
}
else if (*end)
{
if (s == end)
error (0, 0, _("%s: expected a numeric value"), s);
else
error (0, 0, _("%s: value not completely converted"), s);
exit_status = 1;
}
}
#define STRTOX(TYPE, FUNC_NAME, LIB_FUNC_EXPR) \
static TYPE \
FUNC_NAME (s) \
const char *s; \
{ \
char *end; \
TYPE val; \
\
if (*s == '\"' || *s == '\'') \
{ \
val = *(unsigned char *) ++s; \
/* If POSIXLY_CORRECT is not set, then give a warning that there \
are characters following the character constant and that GNU \
printf is ignoring those characters. If POSIXLY_CORRECT *is* \
set, then don't give the warning. */ \
if (*++s != 0 && !posixly_correct) \
error (0, 0, _(cfcc_msg), s); \
} \
else \
{ \
errno = 0; \
val = LIB_FUNC_EXPR; \
verify (s, end); \
} \
return val; \
} \
STRTOX (unsigned long int, xstrtoul, (strtoul (s, &end, 0)))
STRTOX (long int, xstrtol, (strtol (s, &end, 0)))
STRTOX (double, xstrtod, (strtod (s, &end)))
/* Output a single-character \ escape. */
static void
print_esc_char (int c)
{
switch (c)
{
case 'a': /* Alert. */
putchar (7);
break;
case 'b': /* Backspace. */
putchar (8);
break;
case 'c': /* Cancel the rest of the output. */
exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
break;
case 'f': /* Form feed. */
putchar (12);
break;
case 'n': /* New line. */
putchar (10);
break;
case 'r': /* Carriage return. */
putchar (13);
break;
case 't': /* Horizontal tab. */
putchar (9);
break;
case 'v': /* Vertical tab. */
putchar (11);
break;
default:
putchar (c);
break;
}
}
/* Print a \ escape sequence starting at ESCSTART.
Return the number of characters in the escape sequence
besides the backslash. */
static int
print_esc (const char *escstart)
{
register const char *p = escstart + 1;
int esc_value = 0; /* Value of \nnn escape. */
int esc_length; /* Length of \nnn escape. */
if (*p == 'x')
{
/* A hexadecimal \xhh escape sequence must have 1 or 2 hex. digits. */
for (esc_length = 0, ++p;
esc_length < 2 && ISXDIGIT (*p);
++esc_length, ++p)
esc_value = esc_value * 16 + hextobin (*p);
if (esc_length == 0)
error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("missing hexadecimal number in escape"));
putchar (esc_value);
}
else if (*p == '0')
{
/* An octal \0ooo escape sequence has 0 to 3 octal digits
after the leading \0. */
for (esc_length = 0, ++p;
esc_length < 3 && isodigit (*p);
++esc_length, ++p)
esc_value = esc_value * 8 + octtobin (*p);
putchar (esc_value);
}
else if (strchr ("\"\\abcfnrtv", *p))
print_esc_char (*p++);
else if (!posixly_correct && (*p == 'u' || *p == 'U'))
{
char esc_char = *p;
unsigned int uni_value;
uni_value = 0;
for (esc_length = (esc_char == 'u' ? 4 : 8), ++p;
esc_length > 0;
--esc_length, ++p)
{
if (!ISXDIGIT (*p))
error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("missing hexadecimal number in escape"));
uni_value = uni_value * 16 + hextobin (*p);
}
/* A universal character name shall not specify a character short
identifier in the range 00000000 through 00000020, 0000007F through
0000009F, or 0000D800 through 0000DFFF inclusive. A universal
character name shall not designate a character in the required
character set. */
if ((uni_value >= 0x00 && uni_value <= 0x9f
&& uni_value != 0x24 && uni_value != 0x40 && uni_value != 0x60)
|| (uni_value >= 0xd800 && uni_value <= 0xdfff))
error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("invalid universal character name \\%c%0*x"),
esc_char, (esc_char == 'u' ? 4 : 8), uni_value);
print_unicode_char (stdout, uni_value, 0);
}
else
error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("\\%c: invalid escape"), *p);
return p - escstart - 1;
}
/* Print string STR, evaluating \ escapes. */
static void
print_esc_string (const char *str)
{
for (; *str; str++)
if (*str == '\\')
str += print_esc (str);
else
putchar (*str);
}
/* Output a % directive. START is the start of the directive,
LENGTH is its length, and ARGUMENT is its argument.
If FIELD_WIDTH or PRECISION is non-negative, they are args for
'*' values in those fields. */
static void
print_direc (const char *start, size_t length, int field_width,
int precision, const char *argument)
{
char *p; /* Null-terminated copy of % directive. */
p = xmalloc ((unsigned) (length + 1));
strncpy (p, start, length);
p[length] = 0;
switch (p[length - 1])
{
case 'd':
case 'i':
if (field_width < 0)
{
if (precision < 0)
printf (p, xstrtol (argument));
else
printf (p, precision, xstrtol (argument));
}
else
{
if (precision < 0)
printf (p, field_width, xstrtol (argument));
else
printf (p, field_width, precision, xstrtol (argument));
}
break;
case 'o':
case 'u':
case 'x':
case 'X':
if (field_width < 0)
{
if (precision < 0)
printf (p, xstrtoul (argument));
else
printf (p, precision, xstrtoul (argument));
}
else
{
if (precision < 0)
printf (p, field_width, xstrtoul (argument));
else
printf (p, field_width, precision, xstrtoul (argument));
}
break;
case 'f':
case 'e':
case 'E':
case 'g':
case 'G':
if (field_width < 0)
{
if (precision < 0)
printf (p, xstrtod (argument));
else
printf (p, precision, xstrtod (argument));
}
else
{
if (precision < 0)
printf (p, field_width, xstrtod (argument));
else
printf (p, field_width, precision, xstrtod (argument));
}
break;
case 'c':
printf (p, *argument);
break;
case 's':
if (field_width < 0)
{
if (precision < 0)
printf (p, argument);
else
printf (p, precision, argument);
}
else
{
if (precision < 0)
printf (p, field_width, argument);
else
printf (p, field_width, precision, argument);
}
break;
}
free (p);
}
/* Print the text in FORMAT, using ARGV (with ARGC elements) for
arguments to any `%' directives.
Return the number of elements of ARGV used. */
static int
print_formatted (const char *format, int argc, char **argv)
{
int save_argc = argc; /* Preserve original value. */
const char *f; /* Pointer into `format'. */
const char *direc_start; /* Start of % directive. */
size_t direc_length; /* Length of % directive. */
int field_width; /* Arg to first '*', or -1 if none. */
int precision; /* Arg to second '*', or -1 if none. */
for (f = format; *f; ++f)
{
switch (*f)
{
case '%':
direc_start = f++;
direc_length = 1;
field_width = precision = -1;
if (*f == '%')
{
putchar ('%');
break;
}
if (*f == 'b')
{
if (argc > 0)
{
print_esc_string (*argv);
++argv;
--argc;
}
break;
}
if (strchr ("-+ #", *f))
{
++f;
++direc_length;
}
if (*f == '*')
{
++f;
++direc_length;
if (argc > 0)
{
field_width = xstrtoul (*argv);
++argv;
--argc;
}
else
field_width = 0;
}
else
while (ISDIGIT (*f))
{
++f;
++direc_length;
}
if (*f == '.')
{
++f;
++direc_length;
if (*f == '*')
{
++f;
++direc_length;
if (argc > 0)
{
precision = xstrtoul (*argv);
++argv;
--argc;
}
else
precision = 0;
}
else
while (ISDIGIT (*f))
{
++f;
++direc_length;
}
}
if (*f == 'l' || *f == 'L' || *f == 'h')
{
++f;
++direc_length;
}
if (!strchr ("diouxXfeEgGcs", *f))
error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("%%%c: invalid directive"), *f);
++direc_length;
if (argc > 0)
{
print_direc (direc_start, direc_length, field_width,
precision, *argv);
++argv;
--argc;
}
else
print_direc (direc_start, direc_length, field_width,
precision, "");
break;
case '\\':
f += print_esc (f);
break;
default:
putchar (*f);
}
}
return save_argc - argc;
}
int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
char *format;
int args_used;
program_name = argv[0];
setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
textdomain (PACKAGE);
atexit (close_stdout);
exit_status = 0;
/* Don't recognize --help or --version if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set. */
posixly_correct = (getenv ("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL);
if (!posixly_correct)
parse_long_options (argc, argv, PROGRAM_NAME, GNU_PACKAGE, VERSION,
AUTHORS, usage);
/* The above handles --help and --version.
Since there is no other invocation of getopt, handle `--' here. */
if (1 < argc && STREQ (argv[1], "--"))
{
--argc;
++argv;
}
if (argc == 1)
{
fprintf (stderr, _("Usage: %s format [argument...]\n"), program_name);
exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
}
format = argv[1];
argc -= 2;
argv += 2;
do
{
args_used = print_formatted (format, argc, argv);
argc -= args_used;
argv += args_used;
}
while (args_used > 0 && argc > 0);
if (argc > 0)
error (0, 0,
_("warning: ignoring excess arguments, starting with `%s'"),
argv[0]);
exit (exit_status);
}
|