path: root/src/chown.c

/* chown -- change user and group ownership of files
   Copyright (C) 89, 90, 91, 1995-2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
   Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */

/*
              |		              user
              | unchanged                 explicit
 -------------|-------------------------+-------------------------|
 g unchanged  | ---                     | chown u		  |
 r            |-------------------------+-------------------------|
 o explicit   | chgrp g or chown .g     | chown u.g		  |
 u            |-------------------------+-------------------------|
 p from passwd| ---			| chown u.		  |
              |-------------------------+-------------------------|

   Written by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>. */

#include <config.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <getopt.h>

#include "system.h"
#include "chown-core.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "fts_.h"
#include "lchown.h"
#include "quote.h"
#include "root-dev-ino.h"
#include "userspec.h"

/* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix).  */
#define PROGRAM_NAME "chown"

#define AUTHORS "David MacKenzie", "Jim Meyering"

/* The name the program was run with. */
char *program_name;

/* The argument to the --reference option.  Use the owner and group IDs
   of this file.  This file must exist.  */
static char *reference_file;

/* For long options that have no equivalent short option, use a
   non-character as a pseudo short option, starting with CHAR_MAX + 1.  */
enum
{
  DEREFERENCE_OPTION = CHAR_MAX + 1,
  FROM_OPTION,
  NO_PRESERVE_ROOT,
  PRESERVE_ROOT,
  REFERENCE_FILE_OPTION
};

static struct option const long_options[] =
{
  {"recursive", no_argument, NULL, 'R'},
  {"changes", no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
  {"dereference", no_argument, NULL, DEREFERENCE_OPTION},
  {"from", required_argument, NULL, FROM_OPTION},
  {"no-dereference", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
  {"no-preserve-root", no_argument, NULL, NO_PRESERVE_ROOT},
  {"preserve-root", no_argument, NULL, PRESERVE_ROOT},
  {"quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
  {"silent", no_argument, NULL, 'f'},
  {"reference", required_argument, NULL, REFERENCE_FILE_OPTION},
  {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v'},
  {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
  {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
  {NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
};

void
usage (int status)
{
  if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
	     program_name);
  else
    {
      printf (_("\
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...\n\
  or:  %s [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...\n\
"),
	      program_name, program_name);
      fputs (_("\
Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP.\n\
With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE.\n\
\n\
  -c, --changes          like verbose but report only when a change is made\n\
      --dereference      affect the referent of each symbolic link, rather\n\
                         than the symbolic link itself (this is the default)\n\
"), stdout);
      fputs (_("\
  -h, --no-dereference   affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced\n\
                         file (useful only on systems that can change the\n\
                         ownership of a symlink)\n\
"), stdout);
      fputs (_("\
      --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP\n\
                         change the owner and/or group of each file only if\n\
                         its current owner and/or group match those specified\n\
                         here.  Either may be omitted, in which case a match\n\
                         is not required for the omitted attribute.\n\
"), stdout);
      fputs (_("\
      --no-preserve-root  do not treat `/' specially (the default)\n\
      --preserve-root    fail to operate recursively on `/'\n\
"), stdout);
      fputs (_("\
  -f, --silent, --quiet  suppress most error messages\n\
      --reference=RFILE  use RFILE's owner and group rather than\n\
                         specifying OWNER:GROUP values\n\
  -R, --recursive        operate on files and directories recursively\n\
  -v, --verbose          output a diagnostic for every file processed\n\
\n\
"), stdout);
      fputs (_("\
The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R\n\
option is also specified.  If more than one is specified, only the final\n\
one takes effect.\n\
\n\
  -H                     if a command line argument is a symbolic link\n\
                         to a directory, traverse it\n\
  -L                     traverse every symbolic link to a directory\n\
                         encountered\n\
  -P                     do not traverse any symbolic links (default)\n\
\n\
"), stdout);
      fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
      fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
      fputs (_("\
\n\
Owner is unchanged if missing.  Group is unchanged if missing, but changed\n\
to login group if implied by a `:' following a symbolic OWNER.\n\
OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.\n\
"), stdout);
      printf (_("\
\n\
Examples:\n\
  %s root /u        Change the owner of /u to \"root\".\n\
  %s root:staff /u  Likewise, but also change its group to \"staff\".\n\
  %s -hR root /u    Change the owner of /u and subfiles to \"root\".\n\
"),
	      program_name, program_name, program_name);
      printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
    }
  exit (status);
}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  bool preserve_root = false;

  uid_t uid = -1;	/* Specified uid; -1 if not to be changed. */
  gid_t gid = -1;	/* Specified gid; -1 if not to be changed. */

  /* Change the owner (group) of a file only if it has this uid (gid).
     -1 means there's no restriction.  */
  uid_t required_uid = -1;
  gid_t required_gid = -1;

  /* Bit flags that control how fts works.  */
  int bit_flags = FTS_PHYSICAL;

  /* 1 if --dereference, 0 if --no-dereference, -1 if neither has been
     specified.  */
  int dereference = -1;

  struct Chown_option chopt;
  bool ok;
  int optc;

  initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
  program_name = argv[0];
  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
  bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
  textdomain (PACKAGE);

  atexit (close_stdout);

  chopt_init (&chopt);

  while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "HLPRcfhv", long_options, NULL))
	 != -1)
    {
      switch (optc)
	{
	case 'H': /* Traverse command-line symlinks-to-directories.  */
	  bit_flags = FTS_COMFOLLOW | FTS_PHYSICAL;
	  break;

	case 'L': /* Traverse all symlinks-to-directories.  */
	  bit_flags = FTS_LOGICAL;
	  break;

	case 'P': /* Traverse no symlinks-to-directories.  */
	  bit_flags = FTS_PHYSICAL;
	  break;

	case 'h': /* --no-dereference: affect symlinks */
	  dereference = 0;
	  break;

	case DEREFERENCE_OPTION: /* --dereference: affect the referent
				    of each symlink */
	  dereference = 1;
	  break;

	case NO_PRESERVE_ROOT:
	  preserve_root = false;
	  break;

	case PRESERVE_ROOT:
	  preserve_root = true;
	  break;

	case REFERENCE_FILE_OPTION:
	  reference_file = optarg;
	  break;

	case FROM_OPTION:
	  {
	    char *u_dummy, *g_dummy;
	    const char *e = parse_user_spec (optarg,
					     &required_uid, &required_gid,
					     &u_dummy, &g_dummy);
	    if (e)
	      error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, "%s: %s", quote (optarg), e);
	    break;
	  }

	case 'R':
	  chopt.recurse = true;
	  break;

	case 'c':
	  chopt.verbosity = V_changes_only;
	  break;

	case 'f':
	  chopt.force_silent = true;
	  break;

	case 'v':
	  chopt.verbosity = V_high;
	  break;

	case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
	case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
	default:
	  usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
    }

  if (chopt.recurse)
    {
      if (bit_flags == FTS_PHYSICAL)
	{
	  if (dereference == 1)
	    error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0,
		   _("-R --dereference requires either -H or -L"));
	  chopt.affect_symlink_referent = false;
	}
      else
	{
	  if (dereference == 0)
	    error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("-R -h requires -P"));
	  chopt.affect_symlink_referent = true;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      bit_flags = FTS_PHYSICAL;
      chopt.affect_symlink_referent = (dereference != 0);
    }

  if (argc - optind < (reference_file ? 1 : 2))
    {
      if (argc <= optind)
	error (0, 0, _("missing operand"));
      else
	error (0, 0, _("missing operand after %s"), quote (argv[argc - 1]));
      usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

  if (reference_file)
    {
      struct stat ref_stats;
      if (stat (reference_file, &ref_stats))
	error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to get attributes of %s"),
	       quote (reference_file));

      uid = ref_stats.st_uid;
      gid = ref_stats.st_gid;
      chopt.user_name = uid_to_name (ref_stats.st_uid);
      chopt.group_name = gid_to_name (ref_stats.st_gid);
    }
  else
    {
      const char *e = parse_user_spec (argv[optind], &uid, &gid,
				       &chopt.user_name, &chopt.group_name);
      if (e)
        error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, "%s: %s", quote (argv[optind]), e);

      /* If a group is specified but no user, set the user name to the
	 empty string so that diagnostics say "ownership :GROUP"
	 rather than "group GROUP".  */
      if (!chopt.user_name && chopt.group_name)
        chopt.user_name = "";

      optind++;
    }

  if (chopt.recurse & preserve_root)
    {
      static struct dev_ino dev_ino_buf;
      chopt.root_dev_ino = get_root_dev_ino (&dev_ino_buf);
      if (chopt.root_dev_ino == NULL)
	error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("failed to get attributes of %s"),
	       quote ("/"));
    }

  ok = chown_files (argv + optind, bit_flags,
		    uid, gid,
		    required_uid, required_gid, &chopt);

  chopt_free (&chopt);

  exit (ok ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
}