1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
|
/* dd -- convert a file while copying it.
Copyright (C) 1985, 1990, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
/* Written by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, and Stuart Kemp. */
/* Options:
Numbers can be followed by a multiplier:
b=512, k=1024, w=2, xm=number m
if=FILE Read from FILE instead of stdin.
of=FILE Write to FILE instead of stdout; don't
truncate FILE.
ibs=BYTES Read BYTES bytes at a time.
obs=BYTES Write BYTES bytes at a time.
bs=BYTES Override ibs and obs.
cbs=BYTES Convert BYTES bytes at a time.
skip=BLOCKS Skip BLOCKS ibs-sized blocks at
start of input.
seek=BLOCKS Skip BLOCKS obs-sized blocks at
start of output.
count=BLOCKS Copy only BLOCKS input blocks.
conv=CONVERSION[,CONVERSION...]
Conversions:
ascii Convert EBCDIC to ASCII.
ebcdic Convert ASCII to EBCDIC.
ibm Convert ASCII to alternate EBCDIC.
block Pad newline-terminated records to size of
cbs, replacing newline with trailing spaces.
unblock Replace trailing spaces in cbs-sized block
with newline.
lcase Change uppercase characters to lowercase.
ucase Change lowercase characters to uppercase.
swab Swap every pair of input bytes.
Unlike the Unix dd, this works when an odd
number of bytes are read.
noerror Continue after read errors.
sync Pad every input block to size of ibs with
trailing NULs. */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#if !defined (isascii) || defined (STDC_HEADERS)
#undef isascii
#define isascii(c) 1
#endif
#define ISLOWER(c) (isascii (c) && islower (c))
#define ISUPPER(c) (isascii (c) && isupper (c))
#define ISDIGIT(c) (isascii (c) && isdigit (c))
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include "system.h"
#include "version.h"
#define equal(p, q) (strcmp ((p),(q)) == 0)
#define max(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define output_char(c) \
do { \
obuf[oc++] = (c); if (oc >= output_blocksize) write_output (); \
} while (0)
/* Default input and output blocksize. */
#define DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE 512
/* Conversions bit masks. */
#define C_ASCII 01
#define C_EBCDIC 02
#define C_IBM 04
#define C_BLOCK 010
#define C_UNBLOCK 020
#define C_LCASE 040
#define C_UCASE 0100
#define C_SWAB 0200
#define C_NOERROR 0400
#define C_NOTRUNC 01000
#define C_SYNC 02000
/* Use separate input and output buffers, and combine partial input blocks. */
#define C_TWOBUFS 04000
char *xmalloc ();
void error ();
static RETSIGTYPE interrupt_handler ();
static int bit_count ();
static int parse_integer ();
static void apply_translations ();
static void copy ();
static void copy_simple ();
static void copy_with_block ();
static void copy_with_unblock ();
static void parse_conversion ();
static void print_stats ();
static void translate_charset ();
static void quit ();
static void scanargs ();
static void skip ();
static void usage ();
static void write_output ();
/* The name this program was run with. */
char *program_name;
/* The name of the input file, or NULL for the standard input. */
static char *input_file = NULL;
/* The input file descriptor. */
static int input_fd = 0;
/* The name of the output file, or NULL for the standard output. */
static char *output_file = NULL;
/* The output file descriptor. */
static int output_fd = 1;
/* The number of bytes in which atomic reads are done. */
static long input_blocksize = -1;
/* The number of bytes in which atomic writes are done. */
static long output_blocksize = -1;
/* Conversion buffer size, in bytes. 0 prevents conversions. */
static long conversion_blocksize = 0;
/* Skip this many records of `input_blocksize' bytes before input. */
static long skip_records = 0;
/* Skip this many records of `output_blocksize' bytes before output. */
static long seek_record = 0;
/* Copy only this many records. <0 means no limit. */
static int max_records = -1;
/* Bit vector of conversions to apply. */
static int conversions_mask = 0;
/* If nonzero, filter characters through the translation table. */
static int translation_needed = 0;
/* Number of partial blocks written. */
static unsigned w_partial = 0;
/* Number of full blocks written. */
static unsigned w_full = 0;
/* Number of partial blocks read. */
static unsigned r_partial = 0;
/* Number of full blocks read. */
static unsigned r_full = 0;
/* Records truncated by conv=block. */
static unsigned r_truncate = 0;
/* Output representation of newline and space characters.
They change if we're converting to EBCDIC. */
static unsigned char newline_character = '\n';
static unsigned char space_character = ' ';
struct conversion
{
char *convname;
int conversion;
};
static struct conversion conversions[] =
{
{"ascii", C_ASCII | C_TWOBUFS}, /* EBCDIC to ASCII. */
{"ebcdic", C_EBCDIC | C_TWOBUFS}, /* ASCII to EBCDIC. */
{"ibm", C_IBM | C_TWOBUFS}, /* Slightly different ASCII to EBCDIC. */
{"block", C_BLOCK | C_TWOBUFS}, /* Variable to fixed length records. */
{"unblock", C_UNBLOCK | C_TWOBUFS}, /* Fixed to variable length records. */
{"lcase", C_LCASE | C_TWOBUFS}, /* Translate upper to lower case. */
{"ucase", C_UCASE | C_TWOBUFS}, /* Translate lower to upper case. */
{"swab", C_SWAB | C_TWOBUFS}, /* Swap bytes of input. */
{"noerror", C_NOERROR}, /* Ignore i/o errors. */
{"notrunc", C_NOTRUNC}, /* Do not truncate output file. */
{"sync", C_SYNC}, /* Pad input records to ibs with NULs. */
{NULL, 0}
};
/* Translation table formed by applying successive transformations. */
static unsigned char trans_table[256];
static unsigned char const ascii_to_ebcdic[] =
{
0, 01, 02, 03, 067, 055, 056, 057,
026, 05, 045, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017,
020, 021, 022, 023, 074, 075, 062, 046,
030, 031, 077, 047, 034, 035, 036, 037,
0100, 0117, 0177, 0173, 0133, 0154, 0120, 0175,
0115, 0135, 0134, 0116, 0153, 0140, 0113, 0141,
0360, 0361, 0362, 0363, 0364, 0365, 0366, 0367,
0370, 0371, 0172, 0136, 0114, 0176, 0156, 0157,
0174, 0301, 0302, 0303, 0304, 0305, 0306, 0307,
0310, 0311, 0321, 0322, 0323, 0324, 0325, 0326,
0327, 0330, 0331, 0342, 0343, 0344, 0345, 0346,
0347, 0350, 0351, 0112, 0340, 0132, 0137, 0155,
0171, 0201, 0202, 0203, 0204, 0205, 0206, 0207,
0210, 0211, 0221, 0222, 0223, 0224, 0225, 0226,
0227, 0230, 0231, 0242, 0243, 0244, 0245, 0246,
0247, 0250, 0251, 0300, 0152, 0320, 0241, 07,
040, 041, 042, 043, 044, 025, 06, 027,
050, 051, 052, 053, 054, 011, 012, 033,
060, 061, 032, 063, 064, 065, 066, 010,
070, 071, 072, 073, 04, 024, 076, 0341,
0101, 0102, 0103, 0104, 0105, 0106, 0107, 0110,
0111, 0121, 0122, 0123, 0124, 0125, 0126, 0127,
0130, 0131, 0142, 0143, 0144, 0145, 0146, 0147,
0150, 0151, 0160, 0161, 0162, 0163, 0164, 0165,
0166, 0167, 0170, 0200, 0212, 0213, 0214, 0215,
0216, 0217, 0220, 0232, 0233, 0234, 0235, 0236,
0237, 0240, 0252, 0253, 0254, 0255, 0256, 0257,
0260, 0261, 0262, 0263, 0264, 0265, 0266, 0267,
0270, 0271, 0272, 0273, 0274, 0275, 0276, 0277,
0312, 0313, 0314, 0315, 0316, 0317, 0332, 0333,
0334, 0335, 0336, 0337, 0352, 0353, 0354, 0355,
0356, 0357, 0372, 0373, 0374, 0375, 0376, 0377
};
static unsigned char const ascii_to_ibm[] =
{
0, 01, 02, 03, 067, 055, 056, 057,
026, 05, 045, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017,
020, 021, 022, 023, 074, 075, 062, 046,
030, 031, 077, 047, 034, 035, 036, 037,
0100, 0132, 0177, 0173, 0133, 0154, 0120, 0175,
0115, 0135, 0134, 0116, 0153, 0140, 0113, 0141,
0360, 0361, 0362, 0363, 0364, 0365, 0366, 0367,
0370, 0371, 0172, 0136, 0114, 0176, 0156, 0157,
0174, 0301, 0302, 0303, 0304, 0305, 0306, 0307,
0310, 0311, 0321, 0322, 0323, 0324, 0325, 0326,
0327, 0330, 0331, 0342, 0343, 0344, 0345, 0346,
0347, 0350, 0351, 0255, 0340, 0275, 0137, 0155,
0171, 0201, 0202, 0203, 0204, 0205, 0206, 0207,
0210, 0211, 0221, 0222, 0223, 0224, 0225, 0226,
0227, 0230, 0231, 0242, 0243, 0244, 0245, 0246,
0247, 0250, 0251, 0300, 0117, 0320, 0241, 07,
040, 041, 042, 043, 044, 025, 06, 027,
050, 051, 052, 053, 054, 011, 012, 033,
060, 061, 032, 063, 064, 065, 066, 010,
070, 071, 072, 073, 04, 024, 076, 0341,
0101, 0102, 0103, 0104, 0105, 0106, 0107, 0110,
0111, 0121, 0122, 0123, 0124, 0125, 0126, 0127,
0130, 0131, 0142, 0143, 0144, 0145, 0146, 0147,
0150, 0151, 0160, 0161, 0162, 0163, 0164, 0165,
0166, 0167, 0170, 0200, 0212, 0213, 0214, 0215,
0216, 0217, 0220, 0232, 0233, 0234, 0235, 0236,
0237, 0240, 0252, 0253, 0254, 0255, 0256, 0257,
0260, 0261, 0262, 0263, 0264, 0265, 0266, 0267,
0270, 0271, 0272, 0273, 0274, 0275, 0276, 0277,
0312, 0313, 0314, 0315, 0316, 0317, 0332, 0333,
0334, 0335, 0336, 0337, 0352, 0353, 0354, 0355,
0356, 0357, 0372, 0373, 0374, 0375, 0376, 0377
};
static unsigned char const ebcdic_to_ascii[] =
{
0, 01, 02, 03, 0234, 011, 0206, 0177,
0227, 0215, 0216, 013, 014, 015, 016, 017,
020, 021, 022, 023, 0235, 0205, 010, 0207,
030, 031, 0222, 0217, 034, 035, 036, 037,
0200, 0201, 0202, 0203, 0204, 012, 027, 033,
0210, 0211, 0212, 0213, 0214, 05, 06, 07,
0220, 0221, 026, 0223, 0224, 0225, 0226, 04,
0230, 0231, 0232, 0233, 024, 025, 0236, 032,
040, 0240, 0241, 0242, 0243, 0244, 0245, 0246,
0247, 0250, 0133, 056, 074, 050, 053, 041,
046, 0251, 0252, 0253, 0254, 0255, 0256, 0257,
0260, 0261, 0135, 044, 052, 051, 073, 0136,
055, 057, 0262, 0263, 0264, 0265, 0266, 0267,
0270, 0271, 0174, 054, 045, 0137, 076, 077,
0272, 0273, 0274, 0275, 0276, 0277, 0300, 0301,
0302, 0140, 072, 043, 0100, 047, 075, 042,
0303, 0141, 0142, 0143, 0144, 0145, 0146, 0147,
0150, 0151, 0304, 0305, 0306, 0307, 0310, 0311,
0312, 0152, 0153, 0154, 0155, 0156, 0157, 0160,
0161, 0162, 0313, 0314, 0315, 0316, 0317, 0320,
0321, 0176, 0163, 0164, 0165, 0166, 0167, 0170,
0171, 0172, 0322, 0323, 0324, 0325, 0326, 0327,
0330, 0331, 0332, 0333, 0334, 0335, 0336, 0337,
0340, 0341, 0342, 0343, 0344, 0345, 0346, 0347,
0173, 0101, 0102, 0103, 0104, 0105, 0106, 0107,
0110, 0111, 0350, 0351, 0352, 0353, 0354, 0355,
0175, 0112, 0113, 0114, 0115, 0116, 0117, 0120,
0121, 0122, 0356, 0357, 0360, 0361, 0362, 0363,
0134, 0237, 0123, 0124, 0125, 0126, 0127, 0130,
0131, 0132, 0364, 0365, 0366, 0367, 0370, 0371,
060, 061, 062, 063, 064, 065, 066, 067,
070, 071, 0372, 0373, 0374, 0375, 0376, 0377
};
/* If non-zero, display usage information and exit. */
static int flag_help;
/* If non-zero, print the version on standard error. */
static int flag_version;
static struct option const long_options[] =
{
{"help", no_argument, &flag_help, 1},
{"version", no_argument, &flag_version, 1},
{0, 0, 0, 0}
};
void
main (argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
{
#ifdef _POSIX_VERSION
struct sigaction sigact;
#endif /* _POSIX_VERSION */
int i;
program_name = argv[0];
/* Initialize translation table to identity translation. */
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
trans_table[i] = i;
/* Decode arguments. */
scanargs (argc, argv);
if (flag_version)
fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", version_string);
if (flag_help)
usage ();
apply_translations ();
if (input_file != NULL)
{
input_fd = open (input_file, O_RDONLY);
if (input_fd < 0)
error (1, errno, "%s", input_file);
}
else
input_file = "standard input";
if (input_fd == output_fd)
error (1, 0, "standard %s is closed", input_fd == 0 ? "input" : "output");
if (output_file != NULL)
{
int omode = O_RDWR | O_CREAT;
if (seek_record == 0 && !(conversions_mask & C_NOTRUNC))
omode |= O_TRUNC;
output_fd = open (output_file, omode, 0666);
if (output_fd < 0)
error (1, errno, "%s", output_file);
#ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE
if (seek_record > 0 && !(conversions_mask & C_NOTRUNC))
{
if (ftruncate (output_fd, seek_record * output_blocksize) < 0)
error (0, errno, "%s", output_file);
}
#endif
}
else
output_file = "standard output";
#ifdef _POSIX_VERSION
sigaction (SIGINT, NULL, &sigact);
if (sigact.sa_handler != SIG_IGN)
{
sigact.sa_handler = interrupt_handler;
sigemptyset (&sigact.sa_mask);
sigact.sa_flags = 0;
sigaction (SIGINT, &sigact, NULL);
}
#else /* !_POSIX_VERSION */
if (signal (SIGINT, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
signal (SIGINT, interrupt_handler);
#endif /* !_POSIX_VERSION */
copy ();
}
/* Throw away RECORDS blocks of BLOCKSIZE bytes on file descriptor FDESC,
which is open with read permission for FILE. Store up to BLOCKSIZE
bytes of the data at a time in BUF, if necessary. */
static void
skip (fdesc, file, records, blocksize, buf)
int fdesc;
char *file;
long records;
long blocksize;
char *buf;
{
struct stat stats;
/* Use fstat instead of checking for errno == ESPIPE because
lseek doesn't work on some special files but doesn't return an
error, either. */
if (fstat (fdesc, &stats))
{
error (0, errno, "%s", file);
quit (1);
}
if (S_ISREG (stats.st_mode))
{
if (lseek (fdesc, records * blocksize, SEEK_SET) < 0)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", file);
quit (1);
}
}
else
{
while (records-- > 0)
{
if (read (fdesc, buf, blocksize) < 0)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", file);
quit (1);
}
/* FIXME If fewer bytes were read than requested, meaning that
EOF was reached, POSIX wants the output file padded with NULs. */
}
}
}
/* Apply the character-set translations specified by the user
to the NREAD bytes in BUF. */
static void
translate_buffer (buf, nread)
unsigned char *buf;
int nread;
{
register unsigned char *cp;
register int i;
for (i = nread, cp = buf; i; i--, cp++)
*cp = trans_table[*cp];
}
/* If nonnzero, the last char from the previous call to `swab_buffer'
is saved in `saved_char'. */
static int char_is_saved = 0;
/* Odd char from previous call. */
static unsigned char saved_char;
/* Swap NREAD bytes in BUF, plus possibly an initial char from the
previous call. If NREAD is odd, save the last char for the
next call. Return the new start of the BUF buffer. */
static unsigned char *
swab_buffer (buf, nread)
unsigned char *buf;
int *nread;
{
unsigned char *bufstart = buf;
register unsigned char *cp;
register int i;
/* Is a char left from last time? */
if (char_is_saved)
{
*--bufstart = saved_char;
(*nread)++;
char_is_saved = 0;
}
if (*nread & 1)
{
/* An odd number of chars are in the buffer. */
saved_char = bufstart[--*nread];
char_is_saved = 1;
}
/* Do the byte-swapping by moving every second character two
positions toward the end, working from the end of the buffer
toward the beginning. This way we only move half of the data. */
cp = bufstart + *nread; /* Start one char past the last. */
for (i = *nread / 2; i; i--, cp -= 2)
*cp = *(cp - 2);
return ++bufstart;
}
/* Output buffer. */
static unsigned char *obuf;
/* Current index into `obuf'. */
static int oc = 0;
/* Index into current line, for `conv=block' and `conv=unblock'. */
static int col = 0;
/* The main loop. */
static void
copy ()
{
unsigned char *ibuf, *bufstart; /* Input buffer. */
int nread; /* Bytes read in the current block. */
int exit_status = 0;
/* Leave an extra byte at the beginning and end of `ibuf' for conv=swab. */
ibuf = (unsigned char *) xmalloc (input_blocksize + 2) + 1;
if (conversions_mask & C_TWOBUFS)
obuf = (unsigned char *) xmalloc (output_blocksize);
else
obuf = ibuf;
if (skip_records > 0)
skip (input_fd, input_file, skip_records, input_blocksize, ibuf);
if (seek_record > 0)
skip (output_fd, output_file, seek_record, output_blocksize, obuf);
if (max_records == 0)
quit (exit_status);
while (1)
{
if (max_records >= 0 && r_partial + r_full >= max_records)
break;
/* Zero the buffer before reading, so that if we get a read error,
whatever data we are able to read is followed by zeros.
This minimizes data loss. */
if ((conversions_mask & C_SYNC) && (conversions_mask & C_NOERROR))
bzero (ibuf, input_blocksize);
nread = read (input_fd, ibuf, input_blocksize);
if (nread == 0)
break; /* EOF. */
if (nread < 0)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", input_file);
if (conversions_mask & C_NOERROR)
{
print_stats ();
/* Seek past the bad block if possible. */
lseek (input_fd, input_blocksize, SEEK_CUR);
if (conversions_mask & C_SYNC)
/* Replace the missing input with null bytes and
proceed normally. */
nread = 0;
else
continue;
}
else
{
/* Write any partial block. */
exit_status = 2;
break;
}
}
if (nread < input_blocksize)
{
r_partial++;
if (conversions_mask & C_SYNC)
{
if (!(conversions_mask & C_NOERROR))
/* If C_NOERROR, we zeroed the block before reading. */
bzero (ibuf + nread, input_blocksize - nread);
nread = input_blocksize;
}
}
else
r_full++;
if (ibuf == obuf) /* If not C_TWOBUFS. */
{
int nwritten = write (output_fd, obuf, nread);
if (nwritten != nread)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", output_file);
if (nwritten > 0)
w_partial++;
quit (1);
}
else if (nread == input_blocksize)
w_full++;
else
w_partial++;
continue;
}
/* Do any translations on the whole buffer at once. */
if (translation_needed)
translate_buffer (ibuf, nread);
if (conversions_mask & C_SWAB)
bufstart = swab_buffer (ibuf, &nread);
else
bufstart = ibuf;
if (conversions_mask & C_BLOCK)
copy_with_block (bufstart, nread);
else if (conversions_mask & C_UNBLOCK)
copy_with_unblock (bufstart, nread);
else
copy_simple (bufstart, nread);
}
/* If we have a char left as a result of conv=swab, output it. */
if (char_is_saved)
{
if (conversions_mask & C_BLOCK)
copy_with_block (&saved_char, 1);
else if (conversions_mask & C_UNBLOCK)
copy_with_unblock (&saved_char, 1);
else
output_char (saved_char);
}
if ((conversions_mask & C_BLOCK) && col > 0)
{
/* If the final input line didn't end with a '\n', pad
the output block to `conversion_blocksize' chars. */
int pending_spaces = max (0, conversion_blocksize - col);
while (pending_spaces)
{
output_char (space_character);
--pending_spaces;
}
}
if ((conversions_mask & C_UNBLOCK) && col == conversion_blocksize)
/* Add a final '\n' if there are exactly `conversion_blocksize'
characters in the final record. */
output_char (newline_character);
/* Write out the last block. */
if (oc > 0)
{
int nwritten = write (output_fd, obuf, oc);
if (nwritten > 0)
w_partial++;
if (nwritten != oc)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", output_file);
quit (1);
}
}
free (ibuf - 1);
if (obuf != ibuf)
free (obuf);
quit (exit_status);
}
/* Copy NREAD bytes of BUF, with no conversions. */
static void
copy_simple (buf, nread)
unsigned char *buf;
int nread;
{
int nfree; /* Number of unused bytes in `obuf'. */
unsigned char *start = buf; /* First uncopied char in BUF. */
do
{
nfree = output_blocksize - oc;
if (nfree > nread)
nfree = nread;
bcopy (start, obuf + oc, nfree);
nread -= nfree; /* Update the number of bytes left to copy. */
start += nfree;
oc += nfree;
if (oc >= output_blocksize)
write_output ();
}
while (nread > 0);
}
/* Copy NREAD bytes of BUF, doing conv=block
(pad newline-terminated records to `conversion_blocksize',
replacing the newline with trailing spaces). */
static void
copy_with_block (buf, nread)
unsigned char *buf;
int nread;
{
register int i;
for (i = nread; i; i--, buf++)
{
if (*buf == newline_character)
{
int pending_spaces = max (0, conversion_blocksize - col);
while (pending_spaces)
{
output_char (space_character);
--pending_spaces;
}
col = 0;
}
else
{
if (col == conversion_blocksize)
r_truncate++;
else if (col < conversion_blocksize)
output_char (*buf);
col++;
}
}
}
/* Copy NREAD bytes of BUF, doing conv=unblock
(replace trailing spaces in `conversion_blocksize'-sized records
with a newline). */
static void
copy_with_unblock (buf, nread)
unsigned char *buf;
int nread;
{
register int i;
register unsigned char c;
static int pending_spaces = 0;
for (i = 0; i < nread; i++)
{
c = buf[i];
if (col++ >= conversion_blocksize)
{
col = pending_spaces = 0; /* Wipe out any pending spaces. */
i--; /* Push the char back; get it later. */
output_char (newline_character);
}
else if (c == space_character)
pending_spaces++;
else
{
/* `c' is the character after a run of spaces that were not
at the end of the conversion buffer. Output them. */
while (pending_spaces)
{
output_char (space_character);
--pending_spaces;
}
output_char (c);
}
}
}
/* Write, then empty, the output buffer `obuf'. */
static void
write_output ()
{
int nwritten = write (output_fd, obuf, output_blocksize);
if (nwritten != output_blocksize)
{
error (0, errno, "%s", output_file);
if (nwritten > 0)
w_partial++;
quit (1);
}
else
w_full++;
oc = 0;
}
static void
scanargs (argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
{
int i, n;
int c;
while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv, "", long_options, (int *) 0)) != EOF)
{
switch (c)
{
case 0:
break;
default:
usage ();
}
}
for (i = optind; i < argc; i++)
{
char *name, *val;
name = argv[i];
val = index (name, '=');
if (val == NULL)
{
error (0, 0, "unrecognized option `%s'", name);
usage ();
}
*val++ = '\0';
if (equal (name, "if"))
input_file = val;
else if (equal (name, "of"))
output_file = val;
else if (equal (name, "conv"))
parse_conversion (val);
else
{
n = parse_integer (val);
if (n < 0)
error (1, 0, "invalid number `%s'", val);
if (equal (name, "ibs"))
{
input_blocksize = n;
conversions_mask |= C_TWOBUFS;
}
else if (equal (name, "obs"))
{
output_blocksize = n;
conversions_mask |= C_TWOBUFS;
}
else if (equal (name, "bs"))
output_blocksize = input_blocksize = n;
else if (equal (name, "cbs"))
conversion_blocksize = n;
else if (equal (name, "skip"))
skip_records = n;
else if (equal (name, "seek"))
seek_record = n;
else if (equal (name, "count"))
max_records = n;
else
{
error (0, 0, "unrecognized option `%s=%s'", name, val);
usage ();
}
}
}
/* If bs= was given, both `input_blocksize' and `output_blocksize' will
have been set to non-negative values. If either has not been set,
bs= was not given, so make sure two buffers are used. */
if (input_blocksize == -1 || output_blocksize == -1)
conversions_mask |= C_TWOBUFS;
if (input_blocksize == -1)
input_blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE;
if (output_blocksize == -1)
output_blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE;
if (conversion_blocksize == 0)
conversions_mask &= ~(C_BLOCK | C_UNBLOCK);
}
/* Return the value of STR, interpreted as a non-negative decimal integer,
optionally multiplied by various values.
Return -1 if STR does not represent a number in this format. */
static int
parse_integer (str)
char *str;
{
register int n = 0;
register int temp;
register char *p = str;
while (ISDIGIT (*p))
{
n = n * 10 + *p - '0';
p++;
}
loop:
switch (*p++)
{
case '\0':
return n;
case 'b':
n *= 512;
goto loop;
case 'k':
n *= 1024;
goto loop;
case 'w':
n *= 2;
goto loop;
case 'x':
temp = parse_integer (p);
if (temp == -1)
return -1;
n *= temp;
break;
default:
return -1;
}
return n;
}
/* Interpret one "conv=..." option. */
static void
parse_conversion (str)
char *str;
{
char *new;
int i;
do
{
new = index (str, ',');
if (new != NULL)
*new++ = '\0';
for (i = 0; conversions[i].convname != NULL; i++)
if (equal (conversions[i].convname, str))
{
conversions_mask |= conversions[i].conversion;
break;
}
if (conversions[i].convname == NULL)
{
error (0, 0, "%s: invalid conversion", str);
usage ();
}
str = new;
} while (new != NULL);
}
/* Fix up translation table. */
static void
apply_translations ()
{
int i;
#define MX(a) (bit_count (conversions_mask & (a)))
if ((MX (C_ASCII | C_EBCDIC | C_IBM) > 1)
|| (MX (C_BLOCK | C_UNBLOCK) > 1)
|| (MX (C_LCASE | C_UCASE) > 1)
|| (MX (C_UNBLOCK | C_SYNC) > 1))
{
error (1, 0, "\
only one conv in {ascii,ebcdic,ibm}, {lcase,ucase}, {block,unblock}, {unblock,sync}");
}
#undef MX
if (conversions_mask & C_ASCII)
translate_charset (ebcdic_to_ascii);
if (conversions_mask & C_UCASE)
{
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
if (ISLOWER (trans_table[i]))
trans_table[i] = toupper (trans_table[i]);
translation_needed = 1;
}
else if (conversions_mask & C_LCASE)
{
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
if (ISUPPER (trans_table[i]))
trans_table[i] = tolower (trans_table[i]);
translation_needed = 1;
}
if (conversions_mask & C_EBCDIC)
{
translate_charset (ascii_to_ebcdic);
newline_character = ascii_to_ebcdic['\n'];
space_character = ascii_to_ebcdic[' '];
}
else if (conversions_mask & C_IBM)
{
translate_charset (ascii_to_ibm);
newline_character = ascii_to_ibm['\n'];
space_character = ascii_to_ibm[' '];
}
}
static void
translate_charset (new_trans)
unsigned char *new_trans;
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
trans_table[i] = new_trans[trans_table[i]];
translation_needed = 1;
}
/* Return the number of 1 bits in `i'. */
static int
bit_count (i)
register unsigned int i;
{
register int set_bits;
for (set_bits = 0; i != 0; set_bits++)
i &= i - 1;
return set_bits;
}
static void
print_stats ()
{
fprintf (stderr, "%u+%u records in\n", r_full, r_partial);
fprintf (stderr, "%u+%u records out\n", w_full, w_partial);
if (r_truncate > 0)
fprintf (stderr, "%u truncated block%s\n", r_truncate,
r_truncate == 1 ? "" : "s");
}
static void
quit (code)
int code;
{
int errcode = code ? code : 1;
print_stats ();
if (close (input_fd) < 0)
error (errcode, errno, "%s", input_file);
if (close (output_fd) < 0)
error (errcode, errno, "%s", output_file);
exit (code);
}
static RETSIGTYPE
interrupt_handler ()
{
quit (1);
}
static void
usage ()
{
fprintf (stderr, "\
Usage: %s [if=file] [of=file] [ibs=bytes] [obs=bytes] [bs=bytes] [cbs=bytes]\n\
[skip=blocks] [seek=blocks] [count=blocks]\n\
[conv={ascii,ebcdic,ibm,block,unblock,lcase,ucase,swab,noerror,notrunc,\n\
sync}] [--help] [--version]\n\
Numbers can be followed by a multiplier:\n\
b=512, k=1024, w=2, xm=number m\n",
program_name);
exit (1);
}
|