/* cp.c -- file copying (main routines) Copyright (C) 1989, 1990, 1991 Free Software Foundation. This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering. */ #ifdef _AIX #pragma alloca #endif #include #include #include #include "cp.h" #include "backupfile.h" #include "version.h" #include "safe-stat.h" #include "safe-lstat.h" #ifndef _POSIX_VERSION uid_t geteuid (); #endif /* Used by do_copy, make_path_private, and re_protect to keep a list of leading directories whose protections need to be fixed after copying. */ struct dir_attr { int is_new_dir; int slash_offset; struct dir_attr *next; }; char *dirname (); char *xstrdup (); enum backup_type get_version (); int eaccess_stat (); int full_write (); static int do_copy (); static int copy (); static int copy_dir (); static int make_path_private (); static int copy_reg (); static int re_protect (); /* Initial number of entries in each hash table entry's table of inodes. */ #define INITIAL_HASH_MODULE 100 /* Initial number of entries in the inode hash table. */ #define INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE 70 /* The invocation name of this program. */ char *program_name; /* A pointer to either lstat or stat, depending on whether dereferencing of symlinks is done. */ static int (*xstat) (); /* If nonzero, copy all files except (directories and, if not dereferencing them, symbolic links,) as if they were regular files. */ static int flag_copy_as_regular = 1; /* If nonzero, dereference symbolic links (copy the files they point to). */ static int flag_dereference = 1; /* If nonzero, remove existing destination nondirectories. */ static int flag_force = 0; /* If nonzero, create hard links instead of copying files. Create destination directories as usual. */ static int flag_hard_link = 0; /* If nonzero, query before overwriting existing destinations with regular files. */ static int flag_interactive = 0; /* If nonzero, the command "cp x/e_file e_dir" uses "e_dir/x/e_file" as its destination instead of the usual "e_dir/e_file." */ static int flag_path = 0; /* If nonzero, give the copies the original files' permissions, ownership, and timestamps. */ static int flag_preserve = 0; /* If nonzero, copy directories recursively and copy special files as themselves rather than copying their contents. */ static int flag_recursive = 0; /* If nonzero, create symbolic links instead of copying files. Create destination directories as usual. */ static int flag_symbolic_link = 0; /* If nonzero, when copying recursively, skip any subdirectories that are on different filesystems from the one we started on. */ static int flag_one_file_system = 0; /* If nonzero, do not copy a nondirectory that has an existing destination with the same or newer modification time. */ static int flag_update = 0; /* If nonzero, display the names of the files before copying them. */ static int flag_verbose = 0; /* The error code to return to the system. */ static int exit_status = 0; /* The bits to preserve in created files' modes. */ static int umask_kill; /* This process's effective user ID. */ static uid_t myeuid; /* If non-zero, display usage information and exit. */ static int show_help; /* If non-zero, print the version on standard output and exit. */ static int show_version; static struct option const long_opts[] = { {"archive", no_argument, NULL, 'a'}, {"backup", no_argument, NULL, 'b'}, {"force", no_argument, NULL, 'f'}, {"interactive", no_argument, NULL, 'i'}, {"link", no_argument, NULL, 'l'}, {"no-dereference", no_argument, &flag_dereference, 0}, {"one-file-system", no_argument, &flag_one_file_system, 1}, {"parents", no_argument, &flag_path, 1}, {"path", no_argument, &flag_path, 1}, {"preserve", no_argument, &flag_preserve, 1}, {"recursive", no_argument, NULL, 'R'}, {"suffix", required_argument, NULL, 'S'}, {"symbolic-link", no_argument, NULL, 's'}, {"update", no_argument, &flag_update, 1}, {"verbose", no_argument, &flag_verbose, 1}, {"version-control", required_argument, NULL, 'V'}, {"help", no_argument, &show_help, 1}, {"version", no_argument, &show_version, 1}, {NULL, 0, NULL, 0} }; void main (argc, argv) int argc; char *argv[]; { int c; int make_backups = 0; char *version; program_name = argv[0]; myeuid = geteuid (); version = getenv ("SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX"); if (version) simple_backup_suffix = version; version = getenv ("VERSION_CONTROL"); /* Find out the current file creation mask, to knock the right bits when using chmod. The creation mask is set to to be liberal, so that created directories can be written, even if it would not have been allowed with the mask this process was started with. */ umask_kill = 0777777 ^ umask (0); while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv, "abdfilprsuvxPRS:V:", long_opts, (int *) 0)) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 0: break; case 'a': /* Like -dpR. */ flag_dereference = 0; flag_preserve = 1; flag_recursive = 1; flag_copy_as_regular = 0; break; case 'b': make_backups = 1; break; case 'd': flag_dereference = 0; break; case 'f': flag_force = 1; flag_interactive = 0; break; case 'i': flag_force = 0; flag_interactive = 1; break; case 'l': flag_hard_link = 1; break; case 'p': flag_preserve = 1; break; case 'P': flag_path = 1; break; case 'r': flag_recursive = 1; flag_copy_as_regular = 1; break; case 'R': flag_recursive = 1; flag_copy_as_regular = 0; break; case 's': #ifdef S_ISLNK flag_symbolic_link = 1; #else error (1, 0, "symbolic links are not supported on this system"); #endif break; case 'u': flag_update = 1; break; case 'v': flag_verbose = 1; break; case 'x': flag_one_file_system = 1; break; case 'S': simple_backup_suffix = optarg; break; case 'V': version = optarg; break; default: usage (2, (char *) 0); } } if (show_version) { printf ("%s\n", version_string); exit (0); } if (show_help) usage (0, NULL); if (flag_hard_link && flag_symbolic_link) usage (2, "cannot make both hard and symbolic links"); if (make_backups) backup_type = get_version (version); if (flag_preserve == 1) umask_kill = 0777777; /* The key difference between -d (--no-dereference) and not is the version of `stat' to call. */ if (flag_dereference) xstat = safe_stat; else xstat = safe_lstat; /* Allocate space for remembering copied and created files. */ hash_init (INITIAL_HASH_MODULE, INITIAL_ENTRY_TAB_SIZE); exit_status |= do_copy (argc, argv); exit (exit_status); } /* Scan the arguments, and copy each by calling copy. Return 0 if successful, 1 if any errors occur. */ static int do_copy (argc, argv) int argc; char *argv[]; { char *dest; struct stat sb; int new_dst = 0; int ret = 0; if (optind >= argc) usage (2, "missing file arguments"); if (optind >= argc - 1) usage (2, "missing file argument"); dest = argv[argc - 1]; if (safe_lstat (dest, &sb)) { if (errno != ENOENT) { error (0, errno, "%s", dest); return 1; } else new_dst = 1; } else { struct stat sbx; /* If `dest' is not a symlink to a nonexistent file, use the results of stat instead of lstat, so we can copy files into symlinks to directories. */ if (safe_stat (dest, &sbx) == 0) sb = sbx; } if (!new_dst && S_ISDIR (sb.st_mode)) { /* cp file1...filen edir Copy the files `file1' through `filen' to the existing directory `edir'. */ for (;;) { char *arg; char *ap; char *dst_path; int parent_exists = 1; /* True if dirname (dst_path) exists. */ struct dir_attr *attr_list; arg = argv[optind]; strip_trailing_slashes (arg); if (flag_path) { /* Append all of `arg' to `dest'. */ dst_path = xmalloc (strlen (dest) + strlen (arg) + 2); stpcpy (stpcpy (stpcpy (dst_path, dest), "/"), arg); /* For --parents, we have to make sure that the directory dirname (dst_path) exists. We may have to create a few leading directories. */ parent_exists = !make_path_private (dst_path, strlen (dest) + 1, 0700, flag_verbose ? "%s -> %s\n" : (char *) NULL, &attr_list, &new_dst); } else { /* Append the last component of `arg' to `dest'. */ ap = basename (arg); /* For `cp -R source/.. dest', don't copy into `dest/..'. */ if (!strcmp (ap, "..")) dst_path = xstrdup (dest); else { dst_path = xmalloc (strlen (dest) + strlen (ap) + 2); stpcpy (stpcpy (stpcpy (dst_path, dest), "/"), ap); } } if (!parent_exists) { /* make_path_private failed, so we shouldn't even attempt the copy. */ ret = 1; } else { ret |= copy (arg, dst_path, new_dst, 0, (struct dir_list *) 0); forget_all (); if (flag_path) { ret |= re_protect (dst_path, strlen (dest) + 1, attr_list); } } free (dst_path); ++optind; if (optind == argc - 1) break; } return ret; } else if (argc - optind == 2) { char *new_dest; char *source; struct stat source_stats; if (flag_path) usage (2, "when preserving paths, last argument must be a directory"); source = argv[optind]; /* When the destination is specified with a trailing slash and the source exists but is not a directory, convert the user's command `cp source dest/' to `cp source dest/basename(source)'. */ if (dest[strlen (dest) - 1] == '/' && safe_lstat (source, &source_stats) == 0 && !S_ISDIR (source_stats.st_mode)) { char *source_base; char *tmp_source; tmp_source = (char *) alloca (strlen (source) + 1); strcpy (tmp_source, source); strip_trailing_slashes (tmp_source); source_base = basename (tmp_source); new_dest = (char *) alloca (strlen (dest) + 1 + strlen (source_base) + 1); stpcpy (stpcpy (stpcpy (new_dest, dest), "/"), source_base); } else { new_dest = dest; } return copy (source, new_dest, new_dst, 0, (struct dir_list *) 0); } else usage (2, "when copying multiple files, last argument must be a directory"); } /* Copy the file SRC_PATH to the file DST_PATH. The files may be of any type. NEW_DST should be non-zero if the file DST_PATH cannot exist because its parent directory was just created; NEW_DST should be zero if DST_PATH might already exist. DEVICE is the device number of the parent directory, or 0 if the parent of this file is not known. ANCESTORS points to a linked, null terminated list of devices and inodes of parent directories of SRC_PATH. Return 0 if successful, 1 if an error occurs. */ static int copy (src_path, dst_path, new_dst, device, ancestors) char *src_path; char *dst_path; int new_dst; dev_t device; struct dir_list *ancestors; { struct stat src_sb; struct stat dst_sb; int src_mode; int src_type; char *earlier_file; char *dst_backup = NULL; int fix_mode = 0; if ((*xstat) (src_path, &src_sb)) { error (0, errno, "%s", src_path); return 1; } /* Are we crossing a file system boundary? */ if (flag_one_file_system && device != 0 && device != src_sb.st_dev) return 0; /* We wouldn't insert a node unless nlink > 1, except that we need to find created files so as to not copy infinitely if a directory is copied into itself. */ earlier_file = remember_copied (dst_path, src_sb.st_ino, src_sb.st_dev); /* Did we just create this file? */ if (earlier_file == &new_file) return 0; src_mode = src_sb.st_mode; src_type = src_sb.st_mode; if (S_ISDIR (src_type) && !flag_recursive) { error (0, 0, "%s: omitting directory", src_path); return 1; } if (!new_dst) { if ((*xstat) (dst_path, &dst_sb)) { if (errno != ENOENT) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } else new_dst = 1; } else { /* The file exists already. */ if (src_sb.st_ino == dst_sb.st_ino && src_sb.st_dev == dst_sb.st_dev) { if (flag_hard_link) return 0; error (0, 0, "`%s' and `%s' are the same file", src_path, dst_path); return 1; } if (!S_ISDIR (src_type)) { if (S_ISDIR (dst_sb.st_mode)) { error (0, 0, "%s: cannot overwrite directory with non-directory", dst_path); return 1; } if (flag_update && src_sb.st_mtime <= dst_sb.st_mtime) return 0; } if (S_ISREG (src_type) && !flag_force) { if (flag_interactive) { if (eaccess_stat (&dst_sb, W_OK, dst_path) != 0) fprintf (stderr, "%s: overwrite `%s', overriding mode %04o? ", program_name, dst_path, (unsigned int) (dst_sb.st_mode & 07777)); else fprintf (stderr, "%s: overwrite `%s'? ", program_name, dst_path); if (!yesno ()) return 0; } } if (backup_type != none && !S_ISDIR (dst_sb.st_mode)) { char *tmp_backup = find_backup_file_name (dst_path); if (tmp_backup == NULL) error (1, 0, "virtual memory exhausted"); dst_backup = (char *) alloca (strlen (tmp_backup) + 1); strcpy (dst_backup, tmp_backup); free (tmp_backup); if (rename (dst_path, dst_backup)) { if (errno != ENOENT) { error (0, errno, "cannot backup `%s'", dst_path); return 1; } else dst_backup = NULL; } new_dst = 1; } else if (flag_force) { if (S_ISDIR (dst_sb.st_mode)) { /* Temporarily change mode to allow overwriting. */ if (eaccess_stat (&dst_sb, W_OK | X_OK) != 0) { if (chmod (dst_path, 0700)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } else fix_mode = 1; } } else { if (unlink (dst_path) && errno != ENOENT) { error (0, errno, "cannot remove old link to `%s'", dst_path); return 1; } new_dst = 1; } } } } /* If the source is a directory, we don't always create the destination directory. So --verbose should not announce anything until we're sure we'll create a directory. */ if (flag_verbose && !S_ISDIR (src_type)) printf ("%s -> %s\n", src_path, dst_path); /* Did we copy this inode somewhere else (in this command line argument) and therefore this is a second hard link to the inode? */ if (!flag_dereference && src_sb.st_nlink > 1 && earlier_file) { if (link (earlier_file, dst_path)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); goto un_backup; } return 0; } if (S_ISDIR (src_type)) { struct dir_list *dir; /* If this directory has been copied before during the recursion, there is a symbolic link to an ancestor directory of the symbolic link. It is impossible to continue to copy this, unless we've got an infinite disk. */ if (is_ancestor (&src_sb, ancestors)) { error (0, 0, "%s: cannot copy cyclic symbolic link", src_path); goto un_backup; } /* Insert the current directory in the list of parents. */ dir = (struct dir_list *) alloca (sizeof (struct dir_list)); dir->parent = ancestors; dir->ino = src_sb.st_ino; dir->dev = src_sb.st_dev; if (new_dst || !S_ISDIR (dst_sb.st_mode)) { /* Create the new directory writable and searchable, so we can create new entries in it. */ if (mkdir (dst_path, (src_mode & umask_kill) | 0700)) { error (0, errno, "cannot create directory `%s'", dst_path); goto un_backup; } /* Insert the created directory's inode and device numbers into the search structure, so that we can avoid copying it again. */ if (remember_created (dst_path)) goto un_backup; if (flag_verbose) printf ("%s -> %s\n", src_path, dst_path); } /* Copy the contents of the directory. */ if (copy_dir (src_path, dst_path, new_dst, &src_sb, dir)) return 1; } #ifdef S_ISLNK else if (flag_symbolic_link) { if (*src_path == '/' || (!strncmp (dst_path, "./", 2) && strchr (dst_path + 2, '/') == 0) || strchr (dst_path, '/') == 0) { if (symlink (src_path, dst_path)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); goto un_backup; } return 0; } else { error (0, 0, "%s: can only make relative symbolic links in current directory", dst_path); goto un_backup; } } #endif else if (flag_hard_link) { if (link (src_path, dst_path)) { error (0, errno, "cannot create link `%s'", dst_path); goto un_backup; } return 0; } else if (S_ISREG (src_type) || (flag_copy_as_regular && !S_ISDIR (src_type) #ifdef S_ISLNK && !S_ISLNK (src_type) #endif )) { if (copy_reg (src_path, dst_path)) goto un_backup; } else #ifdef S_ISFIFO if (S_ISFIFO (src_type)) { if (mkfifo (dst_path, src_mode & umask_kill)) { error (0, errno, "cannot create fifo `%s'", dst_path); goto un_backup; } } else #endif if (S_ISBLK (src_type) || S_ISCHR (src_type) #ifdef S_ISSOCK || S_ISSOCK (src_type) #endif ) { if (mknod (dst_path, src_mode & umask_kill, src_sb.st_rdev)) { error (0, errno, "cannot create special file `%s'", dst_path); goto un_backup; } } else #ifdef S_ISLNK if (S_ISLNK (src_type)) { char *link_val; int link_size; link_val = (char *) alloca (PATH_MAX + 2); link_size = readlink (src_path, link_val, PATH_MAX + 1); if (link_size < 0) { error (0, errno, "cannot read symbolic link `%s'", src_path); goto un_backup; } link_val[link_size] = '\0'; if (symlink (link_val, dst_path)) { error (0, errno, "cannot create symbolic link `%s'", dst_path); goto un_backup; } return 0; } else #endif { error (0, 0, "%s: unknown file type", src_path); goto un_backup; } /* Adjust the times (and if possible, ownership) for the copy. chown turns off set[ug]id bits for non-root, so do the chmod last. */ if (flag_preserve) { struct utimbuf utb; utb.actime = src_sb.st_atime; utb.modtime = src_sb.st_mtime; if (utime (dst_path, &utb)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } /* If non-root uses -p, it's ok if we can't preserve ownership. But root probably wants to know, e.g. if NFS disallows it. */ if (chown (dst_path, (myeuid == 0 ? src_sb.st_uid : myeuid), src_sb.st_gid) && (errno != EPERM || myeuid == 0)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } } if ((flag_preserve || new_dst) && (flag_copy_as_regular || S_ISREG (src_type) || S_ISDIR (src_type))) { if (chmod (dst_path, src_mode & umask_kill)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } } else if (fix_mode) { /* Reset the temporarily changed mode. */ if (chmod (dst_path, dst_sb.st_mode)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } } return 0; un_backup: if (dst_backup) { if (rename (dst_backup, dst_path)) error (0, errno, "cannot un-backup `%s'", dst_path); } return 1; } /* Ensure that the parent directory of CONST_DIRPATH exists, for the --parents option. SRC_OFFSET is the index in CONST_DIRPATH (which is a destination path) of the beginning of the source directory name. Create any leading directories that don't already exist, giving them permissions MODE. If VERBOSE_FMT_STRING is nonzero, use it as a printf format string for printing a message after successfully making a directory. The format should take two string arguments: the names of the source and destination directories. Creates a linked list of attributes of intermediate directories, *ATTR_LIST, for re_protect to use after calling copy. Sets *NEW_DST to 1 if this function creates parent of CONST_DIRPATH. Return 0 if parent of CONST_DIRPATH exists as a directory with the proper permissions when done, otherwise 1. */ static int make_path_private (const_dirpath, src_offset, mode, verbose_fmt_string, attr_list, new_dst) char *const_dirpath; int src_offset; int mode; char *verbose_fmt_string; struct dir_attr **attr_list; int *new_dst; { struct stat stats; char *dirpath; /* A copy of CONST_DIRPATH we can change. */ char *src; /* Source name in `dirpath'. */ char *tmp_dst_dirname; /* Leading path of `dirpath', malloc. */ char *dst_dirname; /* Leading path of `dirpath', alloca. */ dirpath = (char *) alloca (strlen (const_dirpath) + 1); strcpy (dirpath, const_dirpath); src = dirpath + src_offset; tmp_dst_dirname = dirname (dirpath); dst_dirname = (char *) alloca (strlen (tmp_dst_dirname) + 1); strcpy (dst_dirname, tmp_dst_dirname); free (tmp_dst_dirname); *attr_list = NULL; if ((*xstat) (dst_dirname, &stats)) { /* Parent of CONST_DIRNAME does not exist. Make all missing intermediate directories. */ char *slash; slash = src; while (*slash == '/') slash++; while ((slash = strchr (slash, '/'))) { /* Add this directory to the list of directories whose modes need fixing later. */ struct dir_attr *new = (struct dir_attr *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct dir_attr)); new->slash_offset = slash - dirpath; new->next = *attr_list; *attr_list = new; *slash = '\0'; if ((*xstat) (dirpath, &stats)) { /* This element of the path does not exist. We must set *new_dst and new->is_new_dir inside this loop because, for example, in the command `cp --parents ../a/../b/c e_dir', make_path_private creates only e_dir/../a if ./b already exists. */ *new_dst = 1; new->is_new_dir = 1; if (mkdir (dirpath, mode)) { error (0, errno, "cannot make directory `%s'", dirpath); return 1; } else { if (verbose_fmt_string != NULL) printf (verbose_fmt_string, src, dirpath); } } else if (!S_ISDIR (stats.st_mode)) { error (0, 0, "`%s' exists but is not a directory", dirpath); return 1; } else { new->is_new_dir = 0; *new_dst = 0; } *slash++ = '/'; /* Avoid unnecessary calls to `stat' when given pathnames containing multiple adjacent slashes. */ while (*slash == '/') slash++; } } /* We get here if the parent of `dirpath' already exists. */ else if (!S_ISDIR (stats.st_mode)) { error (0, 0, "`%s' exists but is not a directory", dst_dirname); return 1; } else { *new_dst = 0; } return 0; } /* Ensure that the parent directories of CONST_DST_PATH have the correct protections, for the --parents option. This is done after all copying has been completed, to allow permissions that don't include user write/execute. SRC_OFFSET is the index in CONST_DST_PATH of the beginning of the source directory name. ATTR_LIST is a null-terminated linked list of structures that indicates the end of the filename of each intermediate directory in CONST_DST_PATH that may need to have its attributes changed. The command `cp --parents --preserve a/b/c d/e_dir' changes the attributes of the directories d/e_dir/a and d/e_dir/a/b to match the corresponding source directories regardless of whether they existed before the `cp' command was given. Return 0 if the parent of CONST_DST_PATH and any intermediate directories specified by ATTR_LIST have the proper permissions when done, otherwise 1. */ static int re_protect (const_dst_path, src_offset, attr_list) char *const_dst_path; int src_offset; struct dir_attr *attr_list; { struct dir_attr *p; char *dst_path; /* A copy of CONST_DST_PATH we can change. */ char *src_path; /* The source name in `dst_path'. */ dst_path = (char *) alloca (strlen (const_dst_path) + 1); strcpy (dst_path, const_dst_path); src_path = dst_path + src_offset; for (p = attr_list; p; p = p->next) { struct stat src_sb; dst_path[p->slash_offset] = '\0'; if ((*xstat) (src_path, &src_sb)) { error (0, errno, "%s", src_path); return 1; } /* Adjust the times (and if possible, ownership) for the copy. chown turns off set[ug]id bits for non-root, so do the chmod last. */ if (flag_preserve) { struct utimbuf utb; utb.actime = src_sb.st_atime; utb.modtime = src_sb.st_mtime; if (utime (dst_path, &utb)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } /* If non-root uses -p, it's ok if we can't preserve ownership. But root probably wants to know, e.g. if NFS disallows it. */ if (chown (dst_path, src_sb.st_uid, src_sb.st_gid) && (errno != EPERM || myeuid == 0)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } } if (flag_preserve || p->is_new_dir) { if (chmod (dst_path, src_sb.st_mode & umask_kill)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return 1; } } dst_path[p->slash_offset] = '/'; } return 0; } /* Read the contents of the directory SRC_PATH_IN, and recursively copy the contents to DST_PATH_IN. NEW_DST is non-zero if DST_PATH_IN is a directory that was created previously in the recursion. SRC_SB and ANCESTORS describe SRC_PATH_IN. Return 0 if successful, -1 if an error occurs. */ static int copy_dir (src_path_in, dst_path_in, new_dst, src_sb, ancestors) char *src_path_in; char *dst_path_in; int new_dst; struct stat *src_sb; struct dir_list *ancestors; { char *name_space; char *namep; char *src_path; char *dst_path; int ret = 0; errno = 0; name_space = savedir (src_path_in, src_sb->st_size); if (name_space == 0) { if (errno) { error (0, errno, "%s", src_path_in); return -1; } else error (1, 0, "virtual memory exhausted"); } namep = name_space; while (*namep != '\0') { int fn_length = strlen (namep) + 1; dst_path = xmalloc (strlen (dst_path_in) + fn_length + 1); src_path = xmalloc (strlen (src_path_in) + fn_length + 1); stpcpy (stpcpy (stpcpy (src_path, src_path_in), "/"), namep); stpcpy (stpcpy (stpcpy (dst_path, dst_path_in), "/"), namep); ret |= copy (src_path, dst_path, new_dst, src_sb->st_dev, ancestors); /* Free the memory for `src_path'. The memory for `dst_path' cannot be deallocated, since it is used to create multiple hard links. */ free (src_path); namep += fn_length; } free (name_space); return -ret; } /* Copy a regular file from SRC_PATH to DST_PATH. If the source file contains holes, copies holes and blocks of zeros in the source file as holes in the destination file. (Holes are read as zeroes by the `read' system call.) Return 0 if successful, -1 if an error occurred. */ static int copy_reg (src_path, dst_path) char *src_path; char *dst_path; { char *buf; int buf_size; int dest_desc; int source_desc; int n_read; struct stat sb; char *cp; int *ip; int return_val = 0; long n_read_total = 0; int last_write_made_hole = 0; int make_holes = 0; source_desc = open (src_path, O_RDONLY); if (source_desc < 0) { error (0, errno, "%s", src_path); return -1; } /* Create the new regular file with small permissions initially, to not create a security hole. */ dest_desc = open (dst_path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600); if (dest_desc < 0) { error (0, errno, "cannot create regular file `%s'", dst_path); return_val = -1; goto ret2; } /* Find out the optimal buffer size. */ if (fstat (dest_desc, &sb)) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return_val = -1; goto ret; } buf_size = ST_BLKSIZE (sb); #ifdef HAVE_ST_BLOCKS if (S_ISREG (sb.st_mode)) { /* Find out whether the file contains any sparse blocks. */ if (fstat (source_desc, &sb)) { error (0, errno, "%s", src_path); return_val = -1; goto ret; } /* If the file has fewer blocks than would normally be needed for a file of its size, then at least one of the blocks in the file is a hole. */ if (S_ISREG (sb.st_mode) && sb.st_size > sb.st_blocks * DEV_BSIZE) make_holes = 1; } #endif /* Make a buffer with space for a sentinel at the end. */ buf = (char *) alloca (buf_size + sizeof (int)); for (;;) { n_read = read (source_desc, buf, buf_size); if (n_read < 0) { #ifdef EINTR if (errno == EINTR) continue; #endif error (0, errno, "%s", src_path); return_val = -1; goto ret; } if (n_read == 0) break; n_read_total += n_read; ip = 0; if (make_holes) { buf[n_read] = 1; /* Sentinel to stop loop. */ /* Find first non-zero *word*, or the word with the sentinel. */ ip = (int *) buf; while (*ip++ == 0) ; /* Find the first non-zero *byte*, or the sentinel. */ cp = (char *) (ip - 1); while (*cp++ == 0) ; /* If we found the sentinel, the whole input block was zero, and we can make a hole. */ if (cp > buf + n_read) { /* Make a hole. */ if (lseek (dest_desc, (off_t) n_read, SEEK_CUR) < 0L) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return_val = -1; goto ret; } last_write_made_hole = 1; } else /* Clear to indicate that a normal write is needed. */ ip = 0; } if (ip == 0) { if (full_write (dest_desc, buf, n_read) < 0) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return_val = -1; goto ret; } last_write_made_hole = 0; } } /* If the file ends with a `hole', something needs to be written at the end. Otherwise the kernel would truncate the file at the end of the last write operation. */ if (last_write_made_hole) { #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE /* Write a null character and truncate it again. */ if (full_write (dest_desc, "", 1) < 0 || ftruncate (dest_desc, n_read_total) < 0) #else /* Seek backwards one character and write a null. */ if (lseek (dest_desc, (off_t) -1, SEEK_CUR) < 0L || full_write (dest_desc, "", 1) < 0) #endif { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return_val = -1; } } ret: if (close (dest_desc) < 0) { error (0, errno, "%s", dst_path); return_val = -1; } ret2: if (close (source_desc) < 0) { error (0, errno, "%s", src_path); return_val = -1; } return return_val; }