doc,maint: fix use of "i.e." in documentation and comments

To align with all other places (and correct grammar), change all
upper-case "I.E." to "I.e.".  Furthermore, ensure that "i.e." is
followed by a comma.  Finally, ensure to use a double-space before
"I.e.," at the beginning of a sentence.

The following was used to change all offending uses (apart from
old ChangeLog files):

  $ git grep -liF 'i.e.' \
      | xargs sed -i \
            -e 's/I\.E\./I.e./g' \
            -e 's/\. \(I\.e\.\)/.  \1/g' \
            -e 's/\([Ii]\.e\.\)\( \)/\1,\2/g' \
            -e 's/\([Ii]\.e\.\)$/\1,/g'

* cfg.mk (sc_prohibit_uppercase_id_est): Add new rule.
(sc_ensure_double_space_after_dot_before_id_est): Likewise.
(sc_ensure_comma_after_id_est): Likewise.
(old_NEWS_hash): Refresh hash via "make update-NEWS-hash".
* NEWS: Change use of "id est" abbreviation via the above command.
* README: Likewise.
* README-prereq: Likewise.
* doc/coreutils.texi: Likewise.
* gl/lib/rand-isaac.c: Likewise.
* gl/lib/tempname.c.diff: Likewise.
* man/stdbuf.x: Likewise.
* src/cat.c: Likewise.
* src/copy.c: Likewise.
* src/copy.h: Likewise.
* src/cp.c: Likewise.
* src/cut.c: Likewise.
* src/dd.c: Likewise.
* src/df.c: Likewise.
* src/fiemap.h: Likewise.
* src/longlong.h: Likewise.
* src/ls.c: Likewise.
* src/numfmt.c: Likewise.
* src/pr.c: Likewise.
* src/shred.c: Likewise.
* src/shuf.c: Likewise.
* src/split.c: Likewise.
* tests/Coreutils.pm: Likewise.
* tests/df/df-symlink.sh: Likewise.
* tests/df/skip-rootfs.sh: Likewise.
* tests/init.sh: Likewise.
* tests/ls/color-norm.sh: Likewise.
* tests/misc/basename.pl: Likewise.
* tests/misc/ls-misc.pl: Likewise.
* tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh: Likewise.
* tests/misc/shred-exact.sh: Likewise.
* tests/misc/sort.pl: Likewise.
* tests/misc/stdbuf.sh: Likewise.
* tests/misc/tac-continue.sh: Likewise.
* tests/rm/r-root.sh: Likewise.
* tests/tail-2/symlink.sh: Likewise.

14 files changed, 17 insertions, 17 deletions

diff --git a/tests/Coreutils.pm b/tests/Coreutils.pm
index 7c2ae87ee..bd2088f65 100644
--- a/tests/Coreutils.pm
+++ b/tests/Coreutils.pm
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ defined $ENV{DJDIR}
 # If the EXIT-keyed one is omitted, then expect the exit status to be zero.
 
 # FIXME: Make sure that no junkfile is also listed as a
-# non-junkfile (i.e. with undef for contents)
+# non-junkfile (i.e., with undef for contents)
 
 sub _shell_quote ($)
 {
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ sub run_tests ($$$$$)
 }
 
 # For each test in @$TESTS, generate two additional tests,
-# one using stdin, the other using a pipe. I.e., given this one
+# one using stdin, the other using a pipe.  I.e., given this one
 # ['idem-0', {IN=>''}, {OUT=>''}],
 # generate these:
 # ['idem-0.r', '<', {IN=>''}, {OUT=>''}],
diff --git a/tests/df/df-symlink.sh b/tests/df/df-symlink.sh
index 44f954134..b59309788 100755
--- a/tests/df/df-symlink.sh
+++ b/tests/df/df-symlink.sh
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ compare exp out || fail=1
 # Ensure we output the same values for device nodes and '.'
 # This was not the case in coreutil-8.22 on systems
 # where the device in the mount list was a symlink itself.
-# I.E. '.' => /dev/mapper/fedora-home -> /dev/dm-2
+# I.e., '.' => /dev/mapper/fedora-home -> /dev/dm-2
 df --out=source,target '.' > out || fail=1
 compare exp out || fail=1
 
diff --git a/tests/df/skip-rootfs.sh b/tests/df/skip-rootfs.sh
index c42253dc3..a3b68e9b2 100755
--- a/tests/df/skip-rootfs.sh
+++ b/tests/df/skip-rootfs.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ df || skip_ "df fails"
 
 # Verify that rootfs is in mtab (and shown when the -a option is specified).
 # Note this is the case when /proc/self/mountinfo is parsed
-# rather than /proc/mounts.  I.E. when libmount is being used.
+# rather than /proc/mounts.  I.e., when libmount is being used.
 df -a >out || fail=1
 grep '^rootfs' out || skip_ 'no rootfs in mtab'
 
diff --git a/tests/init.sh b/tests/init.sh
index added1760..ac1e1a211 100755
--- a/tests/init.sh
+++ b/tests/init.sh
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ framework_failure_ () { warn_ "$ME_: set-up failure: $@"; Exit 99; }
 
 # This is used to simplify checking of the return value
 # which is useful when ensuring a command fails as desired.
-# I.E. just doing `command ... &&fail=1` will not catch
+# I.e., just doing `command ... &&fail=1` will not catch
 # a segfault in command for example.  With this helper you
 # instead check an explicit exit code like
 #   returns_ 1 command ... || fail
diff --git a/tests/ls/color-norm.sh b/tests/ls/color-norm.sh
index 2e35757c4..8d86f19af 100755
--- a/tests/ls/color-norm.sh
+++ b/tests/ls/color-norm.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Ensure "ls --color" properly colors "normal" text and files.
-# I.E. that it uses NORMAL to style non file name output and
+# I.e., that it uses NORMAL to style non file name output and
 # file names with no associated color (unless FILE is also set).
 
 # Copyright (C) 2010-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
diff --git a/tests/misc/basename.pl b/tests/misc/basename.pl
index 341bd7f62..7b0ea7dd0 100755
--- a/tests/misc/basename.pl
+++ b/tests/misc/basename.pl
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ my @Tests =
    );
 
 # Append a newline to end of each expected 'OUT' string.
-# Skip -z tests, i.e. those whose 'OUT' string has a trailing '\0'.
+# Skip -z tests, i.e., those whose 'OUT' string has a trailing '\0'.
 my $t;
 foreach $t (@Tests)
   {
diff --git a/tests/misc/ls-misc.pl b/tests/misc/ls-misc.pl
index 03371a266..f88c7a8ea 100755
--- a/tests/misc/ls-misc.pl
+++ b/tests/misc/ls-misc.pl
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ my @Tests =
      # The patch associated with sl-dangle[678] introduced a regression
      # that was fixed after coreutils-8.19.  This edge case triggers when
      # listing a dir containing dangling symlinks, but with orphans uncolored.
-     # I.E. the same as the previous test, but listing the directory
+     # I.e., the same as the previous test, but listing the directory
      # rather than the symlink directly.
      ['sl-dangle9', '--color=always d',
       {OUT => "$e\e[1;36ms$e\n"},
diff --git a/tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh b/tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh
index a092894b5..c5069f351 100755
--- a/tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh
+++ b/tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ print_ver_ md5sum
 # Ensure we can --check BSD alternate format.
 # Note we start this list with a name
 # that's unambiguous in BSD format.
-# I.E. one not starting with ' ' or '*'
+# I.e., one not starting with ' ' or '*'
 for i in 'a' ' b' '*c' 'dd' ' '; do
   echo "$i" > "$i"
   md5sum "$i" >> check.md5sum
diff --git a/tests/misc/shred-exact.sh b/tests/misc/shred-exact.sh
index 15ac4facc..679e2675d 100755
--- a/tests/misc/shred-exact.sh
+++ b/tests/misc/shred-exact.sh
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ done
 
 # make sure direct I/O is handled appropriately at end of file
 # Create a 1MiB file as we'll probably not be using blocks larger than that
-# (i.e. we want to test failed writes not at the start).
+# (i.e., we want to test failed writes not at the start).
 truncate -s1MiB file.slop || framework_failure_
 truncate -s+1 file.slop || framework_failure_
 shred --exact -n2 file.slop || fail=1
diff --git a/tests/misc/sort.pl b/tests/misc/sort.pl
index 8aedb66f1..f6a222c2c 100755
--- a/tests/misc/sort.pl
+++ b/tests/misc/sort.pl
@@ -271,11 +271,11 @@ my @Tests =
 ["18e", '-nb -k1.1,1.2', {IN=>" 901\n100\n"}, {OUT=>"100\n 901\n"}],
 
 # When ignoring leading blanks for end position, ensure blanks from
-# next field are not included in the sort. I.E. order should not change here.
+# next field are not included in the sort.  I.e., order should not change here.
 ["18f", '-k1,1b', {IN=>"a  y\na z\n"}, {OUT=>"a  y\na z\n"}],
 
 # When ignoring leading blanks for start position, ensure blanks from
-# next field are not included in the sort. I.E. order should not change here.
+# next field are not included in the sort.  I.e., order should not change here.
 # This was noticed as an issue on fedora 8 (only in multibyte locales).
 ["18g", '-k1b,1', {IN=>"a  y\na z\n"}, {OUT=>"a  y\na z\n"},
  {ENV => "LC_ALL=$mb_locale"}],
diff --git a/tests/misc/stdbuf.sh b/tests/misc/stdbuf.sh
index 705764772..bb1d40ca5 100755
--- a/tests/misc/stdbuf.sh
+++ b/tests/misc/stdbuf.sh
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ stdbuf_unbuffer()
 retry_delay_ stdbuf_unbuffer .1 6 || fail=1
 
 # Ensure un buffering stdin takes effect
-#  The following works for me, but is racy. I.E. we're depending
+#  The following works for me, but is racy.  I.e., we're depending
 #  on dd to run and close the fifo before the second write by uniq.
 #  If we add a sleep, then we're just testing -oL
     # printf '3\n' > exp
diff --git a/tests/misc/tac-continue.sh b/tests/misc/tac-continue.sh
index 5f97882cd..9078cd58d 100755
--- a/tests/misc/tac-continue.sh
+++ b/tests/misc/tac-continue.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ fi
 fp_tmp="$FULL_PARTITION_TMPDIR/tac-cont-$$"
 cleanup_() { rm -f "$fp_tmp"; }
 
-# Make sure we can create an empty file there (i.e. no shortage of inodes).
+# Make sure we can create an empty file there (i.e., no shortage of inodes).
 if ! touch $fp_tmp; then
   echo "$0: $fp_tmp: cannot create empty file" 1>&2
   Exit 1
diff --git a/tests/rm/r-root.sh b/tests/rm/r-root.sh
index e8fe714af..74d1a2a62 100755
--- a/tests/rm/r-root.sh
+++ b/tests/rm/r-root.sh
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ exercise_rm_r_root  --interactive=never --no-preserve-root '/' \
 grep "^rm: it is dangerous to operate recursively on '/'" err && fail=1
 
 # Instead, rm(1) should have called the intercepted unlinkat() function,
-# i.e. the evidence file "x" should exist.
+# i.e., the evidence file "x" should exist.
 test -f x || fail=1
 
 test $fail = 1 && { cat out; cat err; }
diff --git a/tests/tail-2/symlink.sh b/tests/tail-2/symlink.sh
index 2098b9634..300cb139b 100755
--- a/tests/tail-2/symlink.sh
+++ b/tests/tail-2/symlink.sh
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ grep '^X$' out             || { fail=1; cat out; }
 rm -f target out           || framework_failure_
 
 # Ensure we correctly handle the source symlink itself changing.
-# I.E. that we don't operate solely on the targets.
+# I.e., that we don't operate solely on the targets.
 # Clear 'out' so that we can check its contents without races.
 >out                            || framework_failure_
 echo "X1" > target1             || framework_failure_
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ grep '^X2$' out             || { fail=1; cat out; }
 rm -f target1 target2 out   || framework_failure_
 
 # Note other symlink edge cases are currently just diagnosed
-# rather than being handled. I.E. if you specify a missing item,
+# rather than being handled.  I.e., if you specify a missing item,
 # or existing file that later change to a symlink, if inotify
 # is in use, you'll get a diagnostic saying that link will
 # no longer be tailed.