doc,maint: fix use of "i.e." in documentation and comments

To align with all other places (and correct grammar), change all
upper-case "I.E." to "I.e.".  Furthermore, ensure that "i.e." is
followed by a comma.  Finally, ensure to use a double-space before
"I.e.," at the beginning of a sentence.

The following was used to change all offending uses (apart from
old ChangeLog files):

  $ git grep -liF 'i.e.' \
      | xargs sed -i \
            -e 's/I\.E\./I.e./g' \
            -e 's/\. \(I\.e\.\)/.  \1/g' \
            -e 's/\([Ii]\.e\.\)\( \)/\1,\2/g' \
            -e 's/\([Ii]\.e\.\)$/\1,/g'

* cfg.mk (sc_prohibit_uppercase_id_est): Add new rule.
(sc_ensure_double_space_after_dot_before_id_est): Likewise.
(sc_ensure_comma_after_id_est): Likewise.
(old_NEWS_hash): Refresh hash via "make update-NEWS-hash".
* NEWS: Change use of "id est" abbreviation via the above command.
* README: Likewise.
* README-prereq: Likewise.
* doc/coreutils.texi: Likewise.
* gl/lib/rand-isaac.c: Likewise.
* gl/lib/tempname.c.diff: Likewise.
* man/stdbuf.x: Likewise.
* src/cat.c: Likewise.
* src/copy.c: Likewise.
* src/copy.h: Likewise.
* src/cp.c: Likewise.
* src/cut.c: Likewise.
* src/dd.c: Likewise.
* src/df.c: Likewise.
* src/fiemap.h: Likewise.
* src/longlong.h: Likewise.
* src/ls.c: Likewise.
* src/numfmt.c: Likewise.
* src/pr.c: Likewise.
* src/shred.c: Likewise.
* src/shuf.c: Likewise.
* src/split.c: Likewise.
* tests/Coreutils.pm: Likewise.
* tests/df/df-symlink.sh: Likewise.
* tests/df/skip-rootfs.sh: Likewise.
* tests/init.sh: Likewise.
* tests/ls/color-norm.sh: Likewise.
* tests/misc/basename.pl: Likewise.
* tests/misc/ls-misc.pl: Likewise.
* tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh: Likewise.
* tests/misc/shred-exact.sh: Likewise.
* tests/misc/sort.pl: Likewise.
* tests/misc/stdbuf.sh: Likewise.
* tests/misc/tac-continue.sh: Likewise.
* tests/rm/r-root.sh: Likewise.
* tests/tail-2/symlink.sh: Likewise.

7 files changed, 8 insertions, 8 deletions

diff --git a/tests/misc/basename.pl b/tests/misc/basename.pl
index 341bd7f62..7b0ea7dd0 100755
--- a/tests/misc/basename.pl
+++ b/tests/misc/basename.pl
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ my @Tests =
    );
 
 # Append a newline to end of each expected 'OUT' string.
-# Skip -z tests, i.e. those whose 'OUT' string has a trailing '\0'.
+# Skip -z tests, i.e., those whose 'OUT' string has a trailing '\0'.
 my $t;
 foreach $t (@Tests)
   {
diff --git a/tests/misc/ls-misc.pl b/tests/misc/ls-misc.pl
index 03371a266..f88c7a8ea 100755
--- a/tests/misc/ls-misc.pl
+++ b/tests/misc/ls-misc.pl
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ my @Tests =
      # The patch associated with sl-dangle[678] introduced a regression
      # that was fixed after coreutils-8.19.  This edge case triggers when
      # listing a dir containing dangling symlinks, but with orphans uncolored.
-     # I.E. the same as the previous test, but listing the directory
+     # I.e., the same as the previous test, but listing the directory
      # rather than the symlink directly.
      ['sl-dangle9', '--color=always d',
       {OUT => "$e\e[1;36ms$e\n"},
diff --git a/tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh b/tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh
index a092894b5..c5069f351 100755
--- a/tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh
+++ b/tests/misc/md5sum-bsd.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ print_ver_ md5sum
 # Ensure we can --check BSD alternate format.
 # Note we start this list with a name
 # that's unambiguous in BSD format.
-# I.E. one not starting with ' ' or '*'
+# I.e., one not starting with ' ' or '*'
 for i in 'a' ' b' '*c' 'dd' ' '; do
   echo "$i" > "$i"
   md5sum "$i" >> check.md5sum
diff --git a/tests/misc/shred-exact.sh b/tests/misc/shred-exact.sh
index 15ac4facc..679e2675d 100755
--- a/tests/misc/shred-exact.sh
+++ b/tests/misc/shred-exact.sh
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ done
 
 # make sure direct I/O is handled appropriately at end of file
 # Create a 1MiB file as we'll probably not be using blocks larger than that
-# (i.e. we want to test failed writes not at the start).
+# (i.e., we want to test failed writes not at the start).
 truncate -s1MiB file.slop || framework_failure_
 truncate -s+1 file.slop || framework_failure_
 shred --exact -n2 file.slop || fail=1
diff --git a/tests/misc/sort.pl b/tests/misc/sort.pl
index 8aedb66f1..f6a222c2c 100755
--- a/tests/misc/sort.pl
+++ b/tests/misc/sort.pl
@@ -271,11 +271,11 @@ my @Tests =
 ["18e", '-nb -k1.1,1.2', {IN=>" 901\n100\n"}, {OUT=>"100\n 901\n"}],
 
 # When ignoring leading blanks for end position, ensure blanks from
-# next field are not included in the sort. I.E. order should not change here.
+# next field are not included in the sort.  I.e., order should not change here.
 ["18f", '-k1,1b', {IN=>"a  y\na z\n"}, {OUT=>"a  y\na z\n"}],
 
 # When ignoring leading blanks for start position, ensure blanks from
-# next field are not included in the sort. I.E. order should not change here.
+# next field are not included in the sort.  I.e., order should not change here.
 # This was noticed as an issue on fedora 8 (only in multibyte locales).
 ["18g", '-k1b,1', {IN=>"a  y\na z\n"}, {OUT=>"a  y\na z\n"},
  {ENV => "LC_ALL=$mb_locale"}],
diff --git a/tests/misc/stdbuf.sh b/tests/misc/stdbuf.sh
index 705764772..bb1d40ca5 100755
--- a/tests/misc/stdbuf.sh
+++ b/tests/misc/stdbuf.sh
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ stdbuf_unbuffer()
 retry_delay_ stdbuf_unbuffer .1 6 || fail=1
 
 # Ensure un buffering stdin takes effect
-#  The following works for me, but is racy. I.E. we're depending
+#  The following works for me, but is racy.  I.e., we're depending
 #  on dd to run and close the fifo before the second write by uniq.
 #  If we add a sleep, then we're just testing -oL
     # printf '3\n' > exp
diff --git a/tests/misc/tac-continue.sh b/tests/misc/tac-continue.sh
index 5f97882cd..9078cd58d 100755
--- a/tests/misc/tac-continue.sh
+++ b/tests/misc/tac-continue.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ fi
 fp_tmp="$FULL_PARTITION_TMPDIR/tac-cont-$$"
 cleanup_() { rm -f "$fp_tmp"; }
 
-# Make sure we can create an empty file there (i.e. no shortage of inodes).
+# Make sure we can create an empty file there (i.e., no shortage of inodes).
 if ! touch $fp_tmp; then
   echo "$0: $fp_tmp: cannot create empty file" 1>&2
   Exit 1