Annotate localizable strings with _(...). From Franc,ois.

24 files changed, 343 insertions, 343 deletions

diff --git a/src/cat.c b/src/cat.c
index 0e4ce04b0..b81f3c673 100644
--- a/src/cat.c
+++ b/src/cat.c
@@ -84,15 +84,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION] [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output.\n\
 \n\
   -b, --number-nonblank    number nonblank output lines\n\
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output.\n\
       --version            output version information and exit\n\
 \n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   /* Get device, i-node number, and optimal blocksize of output.  */
 
   if (fstat (output_desc, &stat_buf) < 0)
-    error (1, errno, "standard output");
+    error (1, errno, _("standard output"));
 
   outsize = ST_BLKSIZE (stat_buf);
   /* Input file can be output file for non-regular files.
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
       if (check_redirection
 	  && stat_buf.st_dev == out_dev && stat_buf.st_ino == out_ino)
 	{
-	  error (0, 0, "%s: input file is output file", infile);
+	  error (0, 0, _("%s: input file is output file"), infile);
 	  exit_stat = 1;
 	  goto contin;
 	}
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (have_read_stdin && close (0) < 0)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (close (1) < 0)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 
   exit (exit_stat);
 }
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ simple_cat (buf, bufsize)
       /* Write this block out.  */
 
       if (full_write (output_desc, buf, n_read) < 0)
-	error (1, errno, "write error");
+	error (1, errno, _("write error"));
     }
 }
 
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ cat (inbuf, insize, outbuf, outsize, quote,
 	      do
 		{
 		  if (full_write (output_desc, wp, outsize) < 0)
-		    error (1, errno, "write error");
+		    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 		  wp += outsize;
 		}
 	      while (bpout - wp >= outsize);
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ cat (inbuf, insize, outbuf, outsize, quote,
 		    use_fionread = 0;
 		  else
 		    {
-		      error (0, errno, "cannot do ioctl on `%s'", infile);
+		      error (0, errno, _("cannot do ioctl on `%s'"), infile);
 		      exit_stat = 1;
 		      newlines2 = newlines;
 		      return;
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ cat (inbuf, insize, outbuf, outsize, quote,
 		  int n_write = bpout - outbuf;
 
 		  if (full_write (output_desc, outbuf, n_write) < 0)
-		    error (1, errno, "write error");
+		    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 		  bpout = outbuf;
 		}
 
diff --git a/src/cksum.c b/src/cksum.c
index dfc0c8d48..4e46ddae1 100644
--- a/src/cksum.c
+++ b/src/cksum.c
@@ -265,20 +265,20 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Print CRC checksum and byte counts of each FILE.\n\
 \n\
   --help      display this help and exit\n\
   --version   output version information and exit\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/comm.c b/src/comm.c
index d46d729ac..3238e3b71 100644
--- a/src/comm.c
+++ b/src/comm.c
@@ -62,15 +62,15 @@ static void
 usage (int status)
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... LEFT_FILE RIGHT_FILE\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Compare sorted files LEFT_FILE and RIGHT_FILE line by line.\n\
 \n\
   -1              suppress lines unique to left file\n\
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Compare sorted files LEFT_FILE and RIGHT_FILE line by line.\n\
   -3              suppress lines unique to both files\n\
       --help      display this help and exit\n\
       --version   output version information and exit\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ compare_files (char **infiles)
     }
   if (ferror (stdout) || fclose (stdout) == EOF)
     {
-      error (0, errno, "write error");
+      error (0, errno, _("write error"));
       ret = 1;
     }
   return ret;
diff --git a/src/csplit.c b/src/csplit.c
index 6c1b6d2cd..e80917d17 100644
--- a/src/csplit.c
+++ b/src/csplit.c
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ xmalloc (n)
   p = malloc (n);
   if (p == NULL)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
+      error (0, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
       cleanup ();
     }
   return p;
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ xrealloc (p, n)
   p = realloc (p, n);
   if (p == NULL)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
+      error (0, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
       cleanup ();
     }
   return p;
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ read_input (dest, max_n_bytes)
 
   if (bytes_read < 0)
     {
-      error (0, errno, "read error");
+      error (0, errno, _("read error"));
       cleanup ();
     }
 
@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ static unsigned int
 get_first_line_in_buffer ()
 {
   if (head == NULL && !load_buffer ())
-    error (1, errno, "input disappeared");
+    error (1, errno, _("input disappeared"));
 
   return head->first_available;
 }
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ write_to_file (last_line, ignore, argnum)
 
   if (first_line > last_line)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "%s: line number out of range", global_argv[argnum]);
+      error (0, 0, _("%s: line number out of range"), global_argv[argnum]);
       cleanup ();
     }
 
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ write_to_file (last_line, ignore, argnum)
       line = remove_line ();
       if (line == NULL)
 	{
-	  error (0, 0, "%s: line number out of range", global_argv[argnum]);
+	  error (0, 0, _("%s: line number out of range"), global_argv[argnum]);
 	  cleanup ();
 	}
       if (!ignore)
@@ -775,10 +775,10 @@ handle_line_error (p, repetition)
      struct control *p;
      int repetition;
 {
-  fprintf (stderr, "%s: `%d': line number out of range",
+  fprintf (stderr, _("%s: `%d': line number out of range"),
 	   program_name, p->lines_required);
   if (repetition)
-    fprintf (stderr, " on repetition %d\n", repetition);
+    fprintf (stderr, _(" on repetition %d\n"), repetition);
   else
     fprintf (stderr, "\n");
 
@@ -830,11 +830,11 @@ regexp_error (p, repetition, ignore)
      int repetition;
      boolean ignore;
 {
-  fprintf (stderr, "%s: `%s': match not found",
+  fprintf (stderr, _("%s: `%s': match not found"),
 	   program_name, global_argv[p->argnum]);
 
   if (repetition)
-    fprintf (stderr, " on repetition %d\n", repetition);
+    fprintf (stderr, _(" on repetition %d\n"), repetition);
   else
     fprintf (stderr, "\n");
 
@@ -893,7 +893,7 @@ process_regexp (p, repetition)
 			   0, line_len, (struct re_registers *) 0);
 	  if (ret == -2)
 	    {
-	      error (0, 0, "error in regular expression search");
+	      error (0, 0, _("error in regular expression search"));
 	      cleanup ();
 	    }
 	  if (ret == -1)
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ process_regexp (p, repetition)
 			   0, line_len, (struct re_registers *) 0);
 	  if (ret == -2)
 	    {
-	      error (0, 0, "error in regular expression search");
+	      error (0, 0, _("error in regular expression search"));
 	      cleanup ();
 	    }
 	  if (ret >= 0)
@@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ close_output_file ()
     {
       if (fclose (output_stream) == EOF)
 	{
-	  error (0, errno, "write error for `%s'", output_filename);
+	  error (0, errno, _("write error for `%s'"), output_filename);
 	  cleanup ();
 	}
       if (bytes_written == 0 && elide_empty_files)
@@ -1146,10 +1146,10 @@ check_for_offset (p, str, num)
      char *num;
 {
   if (*num != '-' && *num != '+')
-    error (1, 0, "%s: `+' or `-' expected after delimeter", str);
+    error (1, 0, _("%s: `+' or `-' expected after delimeter"), str);
 
   if (!string_to_number (&p->offset, num + 1))
-    error (1, 0, "%s: integer expected after `%c'", str, *num);
+    error (1, 0, _("%s: integer expected after `%c'"), str, *num);
 
   if (*num == '-')
     p->offset = -p->offset;
@@ -1170,14 +1170,14 @@ parse_repeat_count (argnum, p, str)
 
   end = str + strlen (str) - 1;
   if (*end != '}')
-    error (1, 0, "%s: `}' is required in repeat count", str);
+    error (1, 0, _("%s: `}' is required in repeat count"), str);
   *end = '\0';
 
   if (str+1 == end-1 && *(str+1) == '*')
     p->repeat_forever = 1;
   else
     if (!string_to_number (&p->repeat, str +  1))
-      error (1, 0, "%s}: integer required between `{' and `}'",
+      error (1, 0, _("%s}: integer required between `{' and `}'"),
 	     global_argv[argnum]);
 
   *end = '}';
@@ -1203,7 +1203,7 @@ extract_regexp (argnum, ignore, str)
 
   closing_delim = strrchr (str + 1, delim);
   if (closing_delim == NULL)
-    error (1, 0, "%s: closing delimeter `%c' missing", str, delim);
+    error (1, 0, _("%s: closing delimeter `%c' missing"), str, delim);
 
   len = closing_delim - str - 1;
   p = new_control_record ();
@@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@ extract_regexp (argnum, ignore, str)
   err = re_compile_pattern (p->regexpr, len, &p->re_compiled);
   if (err)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "%s: invalid regular expression: %s", str, err);
+      error (0, 0, _("%s: invalid regular expression: %s"), str, err);
       cleanup ();
     }
 
@@ -1252,7 +1252,7 @@ parse_patterns (argc, start, argv)
 	  p = new_control_record ();
 	  p->argnum = i;
 	  if (!string_to_number (&p->lines_required, argv[i]))
-	    error (1, 0, "%s: invalid pattern", argv[i]);
+	    error (1, 0, _("%s: invalid pattern"), argv[i]);
 	}
 
       if (i + 1 < argc && *argv[i + 1] == '{')
@@ -1375,14 +1375,14 @@ get_format_conv_type (format_ptr)
       break;
 
     case 0:
-      error (1, 0, "missing conversion specifier in suffix");
+      error (1, 0, _("missing conversion specifier in suffix"));
       break;
 
     default:
       if (ISPRINT (ch))
-        error (1, 0, "invalid conversion specifier in suffix: %c", ch);
+        error (1, 0, _("invalid conversion specifier in suffix: %c"), ch);
       else
-	error (1, 0, "invalid conversion specifier in suffix: \\%.3o", ch);
+	error (1, 0, _("invalid conversion specifier in suffix: \\%.3o"), ch);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1414,9 +1414,9 @@ max_out (format)
     }
 
   if (percents == 0)
-    error (1, 0, "missing %% conversion specification in suffix");
+    error (1, 0, _("missing %% conversion specification in suffix"));
   else if (percents > 1)
-    error (1, 0, "too many %% conversion specifications in suffix");
+    error (1, 0, _("too many %% conversion specifications in suffix"));
 
   return out_count;
 }
@@ -1425,7 +1425,7 @@ static void
 interrupt_handler (signum)
      int signum;
 {
-  error (0, 0, "interrupted");
+  error (0, 0, _("interrupted"));
   cleanup ();
 }
 
@@ -1499,7 +1499,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 
       case 'n':
 	if (!string_to_number (&digits, optarg))
-	  error (1, 0, "%s: invalid number", optarg);
+	  error (1, 0, _("%s: invalid number"), optarg);
 	break;
 
       case 's':
@@ -1526,7 +1526,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 
   if (argc - optind < 2)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "too few arguments");
+      error (0, 0, _("too few arguments"));
       usage (1);
     }
 
@@ -1543,7 +1543,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 
   if (close (input_desc) < 0)
     {
-      error (0, errno, "read error");
+      error (0, errno, _("read error"));
       cleanup ();
     }
 
@@ -1555,15 +1555,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Output pieces of FILE separated by PATTERN(s) to files `xx01', `xx02', ...,\n\
 and output byte counts of each piece to standard output.\n\
 \n\
@@ -1585,7 +1585,7 @@ Read standard input if FILE is -.  Each PATTERN may be:\n\
   {*}                repeat the previous pattern as many times as possible\n\
 \n\
 A line OFFSET is a required `+' or `-' followed by a positive integer.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/cut.c b/src/cut.c
index cd103d3ed..473db2ae0 100644
--- a/src/cut.c
+++ b/src/cut.c
@@ -192,15 +192,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Print selected parts of lines from each FILE to standard output.\n\
 \n\
   -b, --bytes=LIST        output only these bytes\n\
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ range, or many ranges separated by commas.  Each range is one of:\n\
   -M    from first to M'th (included) byte, character or field\n\
 \n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ set_fields (fieldstr)
 	{
 	  /* Starting a range. */
 	  if (dash_found)
-	    FATAL_ERROR ("invalid byte or field list");
+	    FATAL_ERROR (_("invalid byte or field list"));
 	  dash_found++;
 	  fieldstr++;
 
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ set_fields (fieldstr)
 		{
 		  /* `m-n' or `-n' (1-n). */
 		  if (value < initial)
-		    FATAL_ERROR ("invalid byte or field list");
+		    FATAL_ERROR (_("invalid byte or field list"));
 
 		  /* Is there already a range going to end of line? */
 		  if (eol_range_start != 0)
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ set_fields (fieldstr)
 	  fieldstr++;
 	}
       else
-	FATAL_ERROR ("invalid byte or field list");
+	FATAL_ERROR (_("invalid byte or field list"));
     }
 
   max_range_endpoint = 0;
@@ -711,26 +711,26 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	case 'c':
 	  /* Build the byte list. */
 	  if (operating_mode != undefined_mode)
-	    FATAL_ERROR ("only one type of list may be specified");
+	    FATAL_ERROR (_("only one type of list may be specified"));
 	  operating_mode = byte_mode;
 	  if (set_fields (optarg) == 0)
-	    FATAL_ERROR ("missing list of positions");
+	    FATAL_ERROR (_("missing list of positions"));
 	  break;
 
 	case 'f':
 	  /* Build the field list. */
 	  if (operating_mode != undefined_mode)
-	    FATAL_ERROR ("only one type of list may be specified");
+	    FATAL_ERROR (_("only one type of list may be specified"));
 	  operating_mode = field_mode;
 	  if (set_fields (optarg) == 0)
-	    FATAL_ERROR ("missing list of fields");
+	    FATAL_ERROR (_("missing list of fields"));
 	  break;
 
 	case 'd':
 	  /* New delimiter. */
 	  /* Interpret -d '' to mean `use the NUL byte as the delimiter.'  */
 	  if (optarg[0] != '\0' && optarg[1] != '\0')
-	    FATAL_ERROR ("the delimiter must be a single character");
+	    FATAL_ERROR (_("the delimiter must be a single character"));
 	  delim = optarg[0];
 	  break;
 
@@ -756,14 +756,14 @@ main (argc, argv)
     usage (0);
 
   if (operating_mode == undefined_mode)
-    FATAL_ERROR ("you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields");
+    FATAL_ERROR (_("you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields"));
 
   if (delim != '\0' && operating_mode != field_mode)
-    FATAL_ERROR ("a delimiter may be specified only when operating on fields");
+    FATAL_ERROR (_("a delimiter may be specified only when operating on fields"));
 
   if (suppress_non_delimited && operating_mode != field_mode)
-    FATAL_ERROR ("suppressing non-delimited lines makes sense\n\
-\tonly when operating on fields");
+    FATAL_ERROR (_("suppressing non-delimited lines makes sense\n\
+\tonly when operating on fields"));
 
   if (delim == '\0')
     delim = '\t';
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
       exit_status = 1;
     }
   if (ferror (stdout) || fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 
   exit (exit_status);
 }
diff --git a/src/expand.c b/src/expand.c
index eba1be78c..e0d4d1f27 100644
--- a/src/expand.c
+++ b/src/expand.c
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (have_read_stdin && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (ferror (stdout) || fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 
   exit (exit_status);
 }
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ parse_tabstops (stops)
 	  tabval = tabval * 10 + *stops - '0';
 	}
       else
-	error (1, 0, "tab size contains an invalid character");
+	error (1, 0, _("tab size contains an invalid character"));
     }
 
   add_tabstop (tabval);
@@ -248,9 +248,9 @@ validate_tabstops (tabs, entries)
   for (i = 0; i < entries; i++)
     {
       if (tabs[i] == 0)
-	error (1, 0, "tab size cannot be 0");
+	error (1, 0, _("tab size cannot be 0"));
       if (tabs[i] <= prev_tab)
-	error (1, 0, "tab sizes must be ascending");
+	error (1, 0, _("tab sizes must be ascending"));
       prev_tab = tabs[i];
     }
 }
@@ -389,15 +389,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Convert tabs in each FILE to spaces, writing to standard output.\n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
 \n\
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
       --version       output version information and exit\n\
 \n\
 Instead of -t NUMBER or -t LIST, -NUMBER or -LIST may be used.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/fmt.c b/src/fmt.c
index 7545081b2..f51444020 100644
--- a/src/fmt.c
+++ b/src/fmt.c
@@ -142,30 +142,32 @@ struct Word
 
 /* Forward declarations.  */
 
-/* My AC_PROTOTYPES would be better than __STDC__.  FIXME :-).  */
-#if __STDC__
-#define	_(x) x
-#else
-#define	_(x) ()
+/* My fp_PROTOTYPES would be better than __STDC__.  FIXME :-).  */
+#ifndef __P
+# if __STDC__
+#  define __P(Args) Args
+# else
+#  define __P(Args) ()
+# endif
 #endif
 
-static void set_prefix _ ((char *p));
-static void fmt _ ((FILE *f));
-static bool get_paragraph _ ((FILE *f));
-static int get_line _ ((FILE *f, int c));
-static int get_prefix _ ((FILE *f));
-static int get_space _ ((FILE *f, int c));
-static int copy_rest _ ((FILE *f, int c));
-static bool same_para _ ((int c));
-static void flush_paragraph _ ((void));
-static void fmt_paragraph _ ((void));
-static void check_punctuation _ ((WORD *w));
-static COST base_cost _ ((WORD *this));
-static COST line_cost _ ((WORD *next, int len));
-static void put_paragraph _ ((WORD *finish));
-static void put_line _ ((WORD *w, int indent));
-static void put_word _ ((WORD *w));
-static void put_space _ ((int space));
+static void set_prefix __P ((char *p));
+static void fmt __P ((FILE *f));
+static bool get_paragraph __P ((FILE *f));
+static int get_line __P ((FILE *f, int c));
+static int get_prefix __P ((FILE *f));
+static int get_space __P ((FILE *f, int c));
+static int copy_rest __P ((FILE *f, int c));
+static bool same_para __P ((int c));
+static void flush_paragraph __P ((void));
+static void fmt_paragraph __P ((void));
+static void check_punctuation __P ((WORD *w));
+static COST base_cost __P ((WORD *this));
+static COST line_cost __P ((WORD *next, int len));
+static void put_paragraph __P ((WORD *finish));
+static void put_line __P ((WORD *w, int indent));
+static void put_word __P ((WORD *w));
+static void put_space __P ((int space));
 
 /* The name this program was run with.  */
 const char *program_name;
@@ -273,11 +275,12 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n", program_name);
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
+	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("Usage: %s [-DIGITS] [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n", program_name);
-      fputs ("\
+      printf (_("Usage: %s [-DIGITS] [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n"), program_name);
+      fputs (_("\
 Reformat each paragraph in the FILE(s), writing to standard output.\n\
 If no FILE or if FILE is `-', read standard input.\n\
 \n\
@@ -291,7 +294,7 @@ Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\
       --help                display this help and exit\n\
       --version             output version information and exit\n\
 \n\
-In -wNUMBER, the letter `w' may be omitted.\n",
+In -wNUMBER, the letter `w' may be omitted.\n"),
 	     stdout);
     }
   exit (status);
diff --git a/src/fold.c b/src/fold.c
index 2dade75e2..7fcbcf973 100644
--- a/src/fold.c
+++ b/src/fold.c
@@ -68,22 +68,22 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Wrap input lines in each FILE (standard input by default), writing to\n\
 standard output.\n\
 \n\
   -b, --bytes         count bytes rather than columns\n\
   -s, --spaces        break at word boundaries\n\
   -w, --width=WIDTH   use WIDTH columns instead of 80\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	case 'w':		/* Line width. */
 	  width = atoi (optarg);
 	  if (width < 1)
-	    error (1, 0, "%s: invalid line width", optarg);
+	    error (1, 0, _("%s: invalid line width"), optarg);
 	  break;
 
 	default:
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (have_read_stdin && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 
   exit (errs);
 }
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ fold_file (filename, width)
 
   if (ferror (stdout))
     {
-      error (0, errno, "write error");
+      error (0, errno, _("write error"));
       return 1;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/head.c b/src/head.c
index 4670ab16e..0c1baf3c4 100644
--- a/src/head.c
+++ b/src/head.c
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	      break;
 
 	    default:
-	      error (0, 0, "unrecognized option `-%c'", *argv[1]);
+	      error (0, 0, _("unrecognized option `-%c'"), *argv[1]);
 	      usage (1);
 	    }
 	  ++argv[1];
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	getnum:
 	  number = atou (optarg);
 	  if (number == -1)
-	    error (1, 0, "invalid number `%s'", optarg);
+	    error (1, 0, _("invalid number `%s'"), optarg);
 	  break;
 
 	case 'q':
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (have_read_stdin && close (0) < 0)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 
   exit (exit_status);
 }
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ head_file (filename, number)
   if (!strcmp (filename, "-"))
     {
       have_read_stdin = 1;
-      filename = "standard input";
+      filename = _("standard input");
       if (print_headers)
 	write_header (filename);
       return head (filename, 0, number);
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ head_bytes (filename, fd, bytes_to_write)
       if (bytes_read > bytes_to_write)
 	bytes_read = bytes_to_write;
       if (fwrite (buffer, 1, bytes_read, stdout) == 0)
-	error (1, errno, "write error");
+	error (1, errno, _("write error"));
       bytes_to_write -= bytes_read;
     }
   return 0;
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ head_lines (filename, fd, lines_to_write)
 	if (buffer[bytes_to_write++] == '\n' && --lines_to_write == 0)
 	  break;
       if (fwrite (buffer, 1, bytes_to_write, stdout) == 0)
-	error (1, errno, "write error");
+	error (1, errno, _("write error"));
     }
   return 0;
 }
@@ -377,15 +377,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Print first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.\n\
 With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.\n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
 SIZE may have a multiplier suffix: b for 512, k for 1K, m for 1 Meg.\n\
 If -VALUE is used as first OPTION, read -c VALUE when one of\n\
 multipliers bkm follows concatenated, else read -n VALUE.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/join.c b/src/join.c
index c0d098b5f..58ece5791 100644
--- a/src/join.c
+++ b/src/join.c
@@ -641,7 +641,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	  else if (val == 2)
 	    print_unpairables_2 = 1;
 	  else
-	    error (2, 0, "invalid file number for `-a'");
+	    error (2, 0, _("invalid file number for `-a'"));
 	  break;
 
 	case 'e':
@@ -651,27 +651,27 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	case '1':
 	  val = atoi (optarg);
 	  if (val <= 0)
-	    error (2, 0, "invalid field number for `-1'");
+	    error (2, 0, _("invalid field number for `-1'"));
 	  join_field_1 = val - 1;
 	  break;
 
 	case '2':
 	  val = atoi (optarg);
 	  if (val <= 0)
-	    error (2, 0, "invalid field number for `-2'");
+	    error (2, 0, _("invalid field number for `-2'"));
 	  join_field_2 = val - 1;
 	  break;
 
 	case 'j':
 	  val = atoi (optarg);
 	  if (val <= 0)
-	    error (2, 0, "invalid field number for `-j'");
+	    error (2, 0, _("invalid field number for `-j'"));
 	  join_field_1 = join_field_2 = val - 1;
 	  break;
 
 	case 'o':
 	  if (add_field_list (optarg) == 0)
-	    error (2, 0, "invalid field list for `-o'");
+	    error (2, 0, _("invalid field list for `-o'"));
 	  break;
 
 	case 't':
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	  else if (val == 2)
 	    print_unpairables_2 = 1;
 	  else
-	    error (2, 0, "invalid file number for `-v'");
+	    error (2, 0, _("invalid file number for `-v'"));
 	  print_pairables = 0;
 	  break;
 
@@ -722,13 +722,13 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (!fp2)
     error (1, errno, "%s", names[1]);
   if (fp1 == fp2)
-    error (1, errno, "both files cannot be standard input");
+    error (1, errno, _("both files cannot be standard input"));
   join (fp1, fp2);
 
   if ((fp1 == stdin || fp2 == stdin) && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (ferror (stdout) || fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 
   exit (0);
 }
@@ -738,15 +738,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to\n\
 standard output.  The default join field is the first, delimited\n\
 by whitespace.  When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input.\n\
@@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ Any FIELD is a field number counted from 1.  FORMAT is one or more\n\
 comma or blank separated specifications, each being `SIDE.FIELD'.\n\
 Default FORMAT outputs the join field, the remaining fields from\n\
 FILE1, the remaining fields from FILE2, all separated by CHAR.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/md5sum.c b/src/md5sum.c
index 743681db0..c3e7ab56b 100644
--- a/src/md5sum.c
+++ b/src/md5sum.c
@@ -59,9 +59,6 @@
 # define TOLOWER(c) (ISUPPER (c) ? tolower (c) : (c))
 #endif
 
-/* Hook for i18n.  */
-#define _(str) str
-
 /* Nonzero if any of the files read were the standard input. */
 static int have_read_stdin;
 
@@ -247,7 +244,7 @@ md5_check (checkfile_name, binary)
   if (strcmp (checkfile_name, "-") == 0)
     {
       have_read_stdin = 1;
-      checkfile_name = "standard input";
+      checkfile_name = _("standard input");
       checkfile_stream = stdin;
     }
   else
diff --git a/src/nl.c b/src/nl.c
index 7caea7e99..d2a489d87 100644
--- a/src/nl.c
+++ b/src/nl.c
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
       exit_status = 1;
     }
   if (ferror (stdout) || fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 
   exit (exit_status);
 }
@@ -558,15 +558,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Write each FILE to standard output, with line numbers added.\n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
 \n\
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ FORMAT is one of:\n\
   rn   right justified, no leading zeros\n\
   rz   right justified, leading zeros\n\
 \n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/od.c b/src/od.c
index ee40f6cea..25ec50ee6 100644
--- a/src/od.c
+++ b/src/od.c
@@ -302,16 +302,16 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
   or:  %s --traditional [FILE] [[+]OFFSET [[+]LABEL]]\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name, program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE\n\
 to standard output.  With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
 \n\
@@ -337,8 +337,8 @@ Pre-POSIX format specifications may be intermixed, they accumulate:\n\
   -l   same as -t d4, select decimal longs\n\
   -o   same as -t o2, select octal shorts\n\
   -x   same as -t x2, select hexadecimal shorts\n\
-");
-      printf ("\
+"));
+      printf (_("\
 \n\
 For older syntax (second call format), OFFSET means -j OFFSET.  LABEL\n\
 is the pseudo-address at first byte printed, incremented when dump is\n\
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ BYTES is hexadecimal with 0x or 0X prefix, it is multiplied by 512\n\
 with b suffix, by 1024 with k and by 1048576 with m.  -s without a\n\
 number implies 3.  -w without a number implies 32.  By default, od\n\
 uses -A o -t d2 -w 16.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -961,7 +961,7 @@ skip (n_skip)
 
       if (STREQ (*file_list, "-"))
 	{
-	  input_filename = "standard input";
+	  input_filename = _("standard input");
 	  in_stream = stdin;
 	  have_read_stdin = 1;
 	}
@@ -1044,7 +1044,7 @@ skip (n_skip)
     }
 
   if (n_skip != 0)
-    error (2, 0, "cannot skip past end of combined input");
+    error (2, 0, _("cannot skip past end of combined input"));
 
   return err;
 }
@@ -1161,7 +1161,7 @@ check_and_close ()
 
   if (ferror (stdout))
     {
-      error (0, errno, "standard output");
+      error (0, errno, _("standard output"));
       err = 1;
     }
 
@@ -1210,7 +1210,7 @@ read_char (c)
 
 	  if (STREQ (*file_list, "-"))
 	    {
-	      input_filename = "standard input";
+	      input_filename = _("standard input");
 	      in_stream = stdin;
 	      have_read_stdin = 1;
 	    }
@@ -1285,7 +1285,7 @@ read_block (n, block, n_bytes_in_buffer)
 
 	  if (STREQ (*file_list, "-"))
 	    {
-	      input_filename = "standard input";
+	      input_filename = _("standard input");
 	      in_stream = stdin;
 	      have_read_stdin = 1;
 	    }
@@ -1353,7 +1353,7 @@ parse_old_offset (s)
   s_err = xstrtoul (s, NULL, radix, &tmp, "Bb");
   if (s_err != LONGINT_OK)
     {
-      STRTOL_FAIL_WARN (s, "old-style offset", s_err);
+      STRTOL_FAIL_WARN (s, _("old-style offset"), s_err);
       return -1;
     }
   offset = tmp;
@@ -1669,7 +1669,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	      break;
 	    default:
 	      error (2, 0,
-		     "invalid output address radix `%c'; it must be one character from [doxn]",
+		     _("invalid output address radix `%c'; it must be one character from [doxn]"),
 		     optarg[0]);
 	      break;
 	    }
@@ -1679,7 +1679,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	  s_err = xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &tmp, "bkm");
 	  n_bytes_to_skip = tmp;
 	  if (s_err != LONGINT_OK)
-	    STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, "skip argument", s_err);
+	    STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, _("skip argument"), s_err);
 	  break;
 
 	case 'N':
@@ -1690,11 +1690,11 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	  s_err = xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &tmp, "bkm");
 	  max_bytes_to_format = tmp;
 	  if (s_err != LONGINT_OK)
-	    STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, "limit argument", s_err);
+	    STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, _("limit argument"), s_err);
 
 	  if (tmp > OFF_T_MAX)
-	    error (2, 0, "specified number of bytes `%s' is larger than \
-the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
+	    error (2, 0, _("specified number of bytes `%s' is larger than \
+the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t"), optarg);
 	  break;
 
 	case 's':
@@ -1704,14 +1704,14 @@ the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
 	    {
 	      s_err = xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 0, &string_min, "bkm");
 	      if (s_err != LONGINT_OK)
-		STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, "minimum string length", s_err);
+		STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, _("minimum string length"), s_err);
 	    }
 	  ++flag_dump_strings;
 	  break;
 
 	case 't':
 	  if (decode_format_string (optarg))
-	    error (2, 0, "invalid type string `%s'", optarg);
+	    error (2, 0, _("invalid type string `%s'"), optarg);
 	  break;
 
 	case 'v':
@@ -1759,7 +1759,7 @@ the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
 	    {
 	      s_err = xstrtoul (optarg, NULL, 10, &desired_width, NULL);
 	      if (s_err != LONGINT_OK)
-		STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, "width specification", s_err);
+		STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, _("width specification"), s_err);
 	    }
 	  break;
 
@@ -1779,7 +1779,7 @@ the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
     usage (0);
 
   if (flag_dump_strings && n_specs > 0)
-    error (2, 0, "no type may be specified when dumping strings");
+    error (2, 0, _("no type may be specified when dumping strings"));
 
   n_files = argc - optind;
 
@@ -1824,7 +1824,7 @@ the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
 	  else
 	    {
 	      error (0, 0,
-		     "invalid second operand in compatibility mode `%s'",
+		     _("invalid second operand in compatibility mode `%s'"),
 		     argv[optind + 1]);
 	      usage (1);
 	    }
@@ -1845,14 +1845,14 @@ the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
 	  else
 	    {
 	      error (0, 0,
-	      "in compatibility mode the last 2 arguments must be offsets");
+	      _("in compatibility mode the last 2 arguments must be offsets"));
 	      usage (1);
 	    }
 	}
       else
 	{
 	  error (0, 0,
-	     "in compatibility mode there may be no more than 3 arguments");
+	     _("in compatibility mode there may be no more than 3 arguments"));
 	  usage (1);
 	}
 
@@ -1916,7 +1916,7 @@ the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
 	bytes_per_block = desired_width;
       else
 	{
-	  error (0, 0, "warning: invalid width %lu; using %d instead",
+	  error (0, 0, _("warning: invalid width %lu; using %d instead"),
 		 desired_width, l_c_m);
 	  bytes_per_block = l_c_m;
 	}
@@ -1932,7 +1932,7 @@ the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
 #ifdef DEBUG
   for (i = 0; i < n_specs; i++)
     {
-      printf ("%d: fmt=\"%s\" width=%d\n",
+      printf (_("%d: fmt=\"%s\" width=%d\n"),
 	      i, spec[i].fmt_string, width_bytes[spec[i].size]);
     }
 #endif
@@ -1942,10 +1942,10 @@ the maximum\nrepresentable value of type off_t", optarg);
 cleanup:;
 
   if (have_read_stdin && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
-    error (2, errno, "standard input");
+    error (2, errno, _("standard input"));
 
   if (fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (2, errno, "write error");
+    error (2, errno, _("write error"));
 
   exit (err);
 }
diff --git a/src/paste.c b/src/paste.c
index cc7442caf..f37a0c6aa 100644
--- a/src/paste.c
+++ b/src/paste.c
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (have_read_stdin && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (ferror (stdout) || fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
   exit (exit_status);
 }
 
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ paste_parallel (nfiles, fnamptr)
   fileptr[files_open] = ENDLIST;
 
   if (opened_stdin && have_read_stdin)
-    error (1, 0, "standard input is closed");
+    error (1, 0, _("standard input is closed"));
 
   /* Read a line from each file and output it to stdout separated by a
      delimiter, until we go through the loop without successfully
@@ -482,15 +482,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Write lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding lines from\n\
 each FILE, separated by TABs, to standard output.\n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
       --help              display this help and exit\n\
       --version           output version information and exit\n\
 \n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/pr.c b/src/pr.c
index 15f2f2363..080e98b32 100644
--- a/src/pr.c
+++ b/src/pr.c
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	      ++s;
 	      if (!ISDIGIT (*s))
 		{
-		  error (0, 0, "`+' requires a numeric argument");
+		  error (0, 0, _("`+' requires a numeric argument"));
 		  usage (2);
 		}
 	      /* FIXME: use strtol */
@@ -592,8 +592,8 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	      column_separator = *s;
 	      if (*++s)
 		{
-		  fprintf (stderr, "\
-%s: extra characters in the argument to the `-s' option: `%s'\n",
+		  fprintf (stderr, _("\
+%s: extra characters in the argument to the `-s' option: `%s'\n"),
 			   program_name, s);
 		  usage (2);
 		}
@@ -625,11 +625,11 @@ main (argc, argv)
 
   if (parallel_files && explicit_columns)
     error (1, 0,
-  "Cannot specify number of columns when printing in parallel.");
+  _("Cannot specify number of columns when printing in parallel."));
 
   if (parallel_files && print_across_flag)
     error (1, 0,
-  "Cannot specify both printing across and printing in parallel.");
+  _("Cannot specify both printing across and printing in parallel."));
 
   for ( ; optind < argc; optind++)
     {
@@ -656,9 +656,9 @@ main (argc, argv)
   cleanup ();
 
   if (have_read_stdin && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "standard input");
+    error (1, errno, _("standard input"));
   if (ferror (stdout) || fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
   if (failed_opens > 0)
     exit(1);
   exit (0);
@@ -683,8 +683,8 @@ getoptarg (arg, switch_char, character, number)
 	*number = atoi (arg);
       else
 	{
-	  fprintf (stderr, "\
-%s: extra characters in the argument to the `-%c' option: `%s'\n",
+	  fprintf (stderr, _("\
+%s: extra characters in the argument to the `-%c' option: `%s'\n"),
 		   program_name, switch_char, arg);
 	  usage (2);
 	}
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ init_parameters (number_of_files)
 		      (columns - 1) * chars_per_gutter) / columns;
 
   if (chars_per_column < 1)
-    error (1, 0, "page width too narrow");
+    error (1, 0, _("page width too narrow"));
 
   if (numbered_lines)
     {
@@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ init_fps (number_of_files, av)
 	}
       else
 	{
-	  p->name = "standard input";
+	  p->name = _("standard input");
 	  p->fp = stdin;
 	  have_read_stdin = TRUE;
 	  p->status = OPEN;
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ open_file (name, p)
 {
   if (!strcmp (name, "-"))
     {
-      p->name = "standard input";
+      p->name = _("standard input");
       p->fp = stdin;
       have_read_stdin = 1;
     }
@@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ init_header (filename, desc)
     free (header);
   header = (char *) xmalloc (chars_per_header * sizeof (char));
 
-  sprintf (header, "%s %s  %s Page", &t[4], &t[20], middle);
+  sprintf (header, _("%s %s  %s Page"), &t[4], &t[20], middle);
 }
 
 /* Set things up for printing a page
@@ -1871,15 +1871,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Paginate or columnate FILE(s) for printing.\n\
 \n\
   +PAGE             begin printing with page PAGE\n\
@@ -1906,7 +1906,7 @@ Paginate or columnate FILE(s) for printing.\n\
 \n\
 -t implied by -l N when N < 10.  Without -s, columns are separated by\n\
 spaces.  With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/sort.c b/src/sort.c
index 897f5a6f3..d46a18c8e 100644
--- a/src/sort.c
+++ b/src/sort.c
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ xmalloc (n)
   p = malloc (n);
   if (p == 0)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
+      error (0, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
       cleanup ();
       exit (2);
     }
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ xrealloc (p, n)
   p = realloc (p, n);
   if (p == 0)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
+      error (0, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
       cleanup ();
       exit (2);
     }
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ xfclose (fp)
     {
       if (fflush (fp) != 0)
 	{
-	  error (0, errno, "flushing file");
+	  error (0, errno, _("flushing file"));
 	  cleanup ();
 	  exit (2);
 	}
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ xfclose (fp)
     {
       if (fclose (fp) != 0)
 	{
-	  error (0, errno, "error closing file");
+	  error (0, errno, _("error closing file"));
 	  cleanup ();
 	  exit (2);
 	}
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ xfwrite (buf, size, nelem, fp)
 {
   if (fwrite (buf, size, nelem, fp) != nelem)
     {
-      error (0, errno, "write error");
+      error (0, errno, _("write error"));
       cleanup ();
       exit (2);
     }
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ fillbuf (buf, fp)
       cc = fread (buf->buf + buf->used, 1, buf->alloc - buf->used, fp);
       if (ferror (fp))
 	{
-	  error (0, errno, "read error");
+	  error (0, errno, _("read error"));
 	  cleanup ();
 	  exit (2);
 	}
@@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ check (files, nfiles)
       fp = xfopen (files[i], "r");
       if (!checkfp (fp))
 	{
-	  fprintf (stderr, "%s: disorder on %s\n", program_name, files[i]);
+	  fprintf (stderr, _("%s: disorder on %s\n"), program_name, files[i]);
 	  ++disorders;
 	}
     }
@@ -1387,7 +1387,7 @@ static void
 badfieldspec (s)
      char *s;
 {
-  error (2, 0, "invalid field specification `%s'", s);
+  error (2, 0, _("invalid field specification `%s'"), s);
 }
 
 /* Handle interrupts and hangups. */
@@ -1598,7 +1598,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 		    else
 		      {
 			if (i == argc - 1)
-			  error (2, 0, "option `-k' requires an argument");
+			  error (2, 0, _("option `-k' requires an argument"));
 			else
 			  s = argv[++i];
 		      }
@@ -1676,7 +1676,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 		    else
 		      {
 			if (i == argc - 1)
-			  error (2, 0, "option `-o' requires an argument");
+			  error (2, 0, _("option `-o' requires an argument"));
 			else
 			  outfile = argv[++i];
 		      }
@@ -1693,7 +1693,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 			goto outer;
 		      }
 		    else
-		      error (2, 0, "option `-t' requires an argument");
+		      error (2, 0, _("option `-t' requires an argument"));
 		    break;
 		  case 'T':
 		    if (s[1])
@@ -1703,7 +1703,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 			if (i < argc - 1)
 			  temp_file_prefix = argv[++i];
 			else
-			  error (2, 0, "option `-T' requires an argument");
+			  error (2, 0, _("option `-T' requires an argument"));
 		      }
 		    goto outer;
 		    /* break; */
@@ -1715,7 +1715,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 		       Solaris 2.  */
 		    goto outer;
 		  default:
-		    fprintf (stderr, "%s: unrecognized option `-%c'\n",
+		    fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unrecognized option `-%c'\n"),
 			     argv[0], *s);
 		    usage (2);
 		  }
@@ -1834,12 +1834,12 @@ main (argc, argv)
      Solaris, Ultrix, and Irix.  This premature fflush makes the output
      reappear. --karl@cs.umb.edu  */
   if (fflush (ofp) < 0)
-    error (1, errno, "%s: write error", outfile);
+    error (1, errno, _("%s: write error"), outfile);
 
   if (have_read_stdin && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
     error (1, errno, outfile);
   if (ferror (stdout) || fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "%s: write error", outfile);
+    error (1, errno, _("%s: write error"), outfile);
 
   exit (0);
 }
@@ -1849,15 +1849,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output.\n\
 \n\
   +POS1 [-POS2]    start a key at POS1, end it before POS2\n\
@@ -1885,7 +1885,7 @@ position in the field, both counted from zero.  OPTS is made up of one\n\
 or more of Mbdfinr, this effectively disable global -Mbdfinr settings\n\
 for that key.  If no key given, use the entire line as key.  With no\n\
 FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
-"
+")
 	      , DEFAULT_TMPDIR);
     }
   exit (status);
diff --git a/src/split.c b/src/split.c
index f2a028d2e..4464aa2e6 100644
--- a/src/split.c
+++ b/src/split.c
@@ -90,15 +90,15 @@ usage (status, reason)
     fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s\n", program_name, reason);
 
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION] [INPUT [PREFIX]]\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-    printf ("\
+    printf (_("\
 Output fixed-size pieces of INPUT to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...; default\n\
 PREFIX is `x'.  With no INPUT, or when INPUT is -, read standard input.\n\
 \n\
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ PREFIX is `x'.  With no INPUT, or when INPUT is -, read standard input.\n\
       --version           output version information and exit\n\
 \n\
 SIZE may have a multiplier suffix: b for 512, k for 1K, m for 1 Meg.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -156,27 +156,27 @@ main (argc, argv)
 
 	case 'b':
 	  if (split_type != type_undef)
-	    usage (2, "cannot split in more than one way");
+	    usage (2, _("cannot split in more than one way"));
 	  split_type = type_bytes;
 	  if (convint (optarg, &accum) == -1)
-	    usage (2, "invalid number of bytes");
+	    usage (2, _("invalid number of bytes"));
 	  break;
 
 	case 'l':
 	  if (split_type != type_undef)
-	    usage (2, "cannot split in more than one way");
+	    usage (2, _("cannot split in more than one way"));
 	  split_type = type_lines;
 	  if (!isdigits (optarg))
-	    usage (2, "invalid number of lines");
+	    usage (2, _("invalid number of lines"));
 	  accum = atoi (optarg);
 	  break;
 
 	case 'C':
 	  if (split_type != type_undef)
-	    usage (2, "cannot split in more than one way");
+	    usage (2, _("cannot split in more than one way"));
 	  split_type = type_byteslines;
 	  if (convint (optarg, &accum) == -1)
-	    usage (2, "invalid number of bytes");
+	    usage (2, _("invalid number of bytes"));
 	  break;
 
 	case '0':
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	case '8':
 	case '9':
 	  if (split_type != type_undef && split_type != type_digits)
-	    usage (2, "cannot split in more than one way");
+	    usage (2, _("cannot split in more than one way"));
 	  if (digits_optind != 0 && digits_optind != this_optind)
 	    accum = 0;		/* More than one number given; ignore other. */
 	  digits_optind = this_optind;
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
     }
 
   if (accum < 1)
-    usage (2, "invalid number");
+    usage (2, _("invalid number"));
   num = accum;
 
   /* Get out the filename arguments.  */
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
     outbase = argv[optind++];
 
   if (optind < argc)
-    usage (2, "too many arguments");
+    usage (2, _("too many arguments"));
 
   /* Open the input file.  */
   if (!strcmp (infile, "-"))
diff --git a/src/sum.c b/src/sum.c
index 06467ba61..a4f448775 100644
--- a/src/sum.c
+++ b/src/sum.c
@@ -61,15 +61,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Print checksum and block counts for each FILE.\n\
 \n\
   -r              defeat -s, use BSD sum algorithm, use 1K blocks\n\
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Print checksum and block counts for each FILE.\n\
       --version   output version information and exit\n\
 \n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/tac.c b/src/tac.c
index 6d4591723..49af8b251 100644
--- a/src/tac.c
+++ b/src/tac.c
@@ -131,15 +131,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Write each FILE to standard output, last line first.\n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
 \n\
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
   -s, --separator=STRING   use STRING as the separator instead of newline\n\
       --help               display this help and exit\n\
       --version            output version information and exit\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	case 's':
 	  separator = optarg;
 	  if (*separator == 0)
-	    error (1, 0, "separator cannot be empty");
+	    error (1, 0, _("separator cannot be empty"));
 	  break;
 	default:
 	  usage (1);
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (have_read_stdin && close (0) < 0)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (close (1) < 0)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
   exit (errors);
 }
 
@@ -280,11 +280,11 @@ tac_stdin ()
      error, either. */
   if (fstat (0, &stats))
     {
-      error (0, errno, "standard input");
+      error (0, errno, _("standard input"));
       return 1;
     }
   if (S_ISREG (stats.st_mode))
-    return tac (0, "standard input");
+    return tac (0, _("standard input"));
 
 #ifdef _POSIX_VERSION
   newact.sa_handler = cleanup;
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ save_stdin ()
     }
   if (bytes_read == -1)
     {
-      error (0, errno, "read error");
+      error (0, errno, _("read error"));
       cleanup ();
     }
 }
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ tac (fd, file)
 	    match_start = buffer - 1;
 	  else if (ret == -2)
 	    {
-	      error (0, 0, "error in regular expression search");
+	      error (0, 0, _("error in regular expression search"));
 	      cleanup ();
 	    }
 	  else
@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ xwrite (desc, buffer, size)
 {
   if (full_write (desc, buffer, size) < 0)
     {
-      error (0, errno, "write error");
+      error (0, errno, _("write error"));
       cleanup ();
     }
 }
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ xmalloc (n)
   p = malloc (n);
   if (p == 0)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
+      error (0, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
       cleanup ();
     }
   return p;
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ xrealloc (p, n)
   p = realloc (p, n);
   if (p == 0)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "virtual memory exhausted");
+      error (0, 0, _("virtual memory exhausted"));
       cleanup ();
     }
   return p;
diff --git a/src/tail.c b/src/tail.c
index 9046938a2..be41195ac 100644
--- a/src/tail.c
+++ b/src/tail.c
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
       assert ((fd) == 1);						\
       assert ((n_bytes) >= 0);						\
       if (n_bytes > 0 && fwrite ((buffer), 1, (n_bytes), stdout) == 0)	\
-	error (1, errno, "write error");				\
+	error (1, errno, _("write error"));				\
     }									\
   while (0)
 
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	  n_units = tmp_long;
 	  if (s_err == LONGINT_OVERFLOW)
 	    {
-	      STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (argv[1], "argument", s_err);
+	      STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (argv[1], _("argument"), s_err);
 	    }
 	  /* Parse any appended option letters.  */
 	  while (*p)
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 		  break;
 
 		default:
-		  error (0, 0, "unrecognized option `-%c'", *p);
+		  error (0, 0, _("unrecognized option `-%c'"), *p);
 		  usage (1);
 		}
 	      ++p;
@@ -253,8 +253,8 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	  if (s_err != LONGINT_OK)
 	    {
 	      STRTOL_FATAL_ERROR (optarg, (c == 'n'
-					   ? "number of lines"
-					   : "number of bytes"), s_err);
+					   ? _("number of lines")
+					   : _("number of bytes")), s_err);
 	    }
 	  break;
 
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (have_read_stdin && close (0) < 0)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
   exit (exit_status);
 }
 
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ tail_file (filename, n_units, filenum)
   if (!strcmp (filename, "-"))
     {
       have_read_stdin = 1;
-      filename = "standard input";
+      filename = _("standard input");
       if (print_headers)
 	write_header (filename, NULL);
       errors = tail (filename, 0, n_units);
@@ -351,13 +351,13 @@ tail_file (filename, n_units, filenum)
 	{
 	  if (fstat (0, &stats) < 0)
 	    {
-	      error (0, errno, "standard input");
+	      error (0, errno, _("standard input"));
 	      errors = 1;
 	    }
 	  else if (!S_ISREG (stats.st_mode))
 	    {
 	      error (0, 0,
-		     "standard input: cannot follow end of non-regular file");
+		     _("standard input: cannot follow end of non-regular file"));
 	      errors = 1;
 	    }
 	  if (errors)
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ tail_file (filename, n_units, filenum)
 		}
 	      else if (!S_ISREG (stats.st_mode))
 		{
-		  error (0, 0, "%s: cannot follow end of non-regular file",
+		  error (0, 0, _("%s: cannot follow end of non-regular file"),
 			 filename);
 		  errors = 1;
 		}
@@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ tail_forever (names, nfiles)
 
 	  if (stats.st_size < file_sizes[i])
 	    {
-	      write_header (names[i], "file truncated");
+	      write_header (names[i], _("file truncated"));
 	      last = i;
 	      lseek (file_descs[i], stats.st_size, SEEK_SET);
 	      file_sizes[i] = stats.st_size;
@@ -1027,15 +1027,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Print last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.\n\
 With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.\n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
@@ -1055,7 +1055,7 @@ b for 512, k for 1024, m for 1048576 (1 Meg).  A first OPTION of -VALUE\n\
 or +VALUE is treated like -n VALUE or -n +VALUE unless VALUE has one of\n\
 the [bkm] suffix multipliers, in which case it is treated like -c VALUE\n\
 or -c +VALUE.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/tr.c b/src/tr.c
index 29d566067..21751ffc3 100644
--- a/src/tr.c
+++ b/src/tr.c
@@ -322,15 +322,15 @@ static void
 usage (int status)
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2]\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input,\n\
 writing to standard output.\n\
 \n\
@@ -340,8 +340,8 @@ writing to standard output.\n\
   -t, --truncate-set1     first truncate SET1 to length of SET2\n\
       --help              display this help and exit\n\
       --version           output version information and exit\n\
-");
-      printf ("\
+"));
+      printf (_("\
 \n\
 SETs are specified as strings of characters.  Most represent themselves.\n\
 Interpreted sequences are:\n\
@@ -372,8 +372,8 @@ Interpreted sequences are:\n\
   [:upper:]       all upper case letters\n\
   [:xdigit:]      all hexadecimal digits\n\
   [=CHAR=]        all characters which are equivalent to CHAR\n\
-");
-      printf ("\
+"));
+      printf (_("\
 \n\
 Translation occurs if -d is not given and both SET1 and SET2 appear.\n\
 -t may be used only when translating.  SET2 is extended to length of\n\
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ expand in ascending order; used in SET2 while translating, they may\n\
 only be used in pairs to specify case conversion.  -s uses SET1 if not\n\
 translating nor deleting; else squeezing uses SET2 and occurs after\n\
 translation or deletion.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -529,8 +529,8 @@ unquote (unsigned char *s, size_t *len)
 			     isn't clear on this, but one person has said
 			     that in his interpretation, POSIX says tr
 			     can't even give a warning.  */
-			  error (0, 0, "warning: the ambiguous octal escape \
-\\%c%c%c is being\n\tinterpreted as the 2-byte sequence \\0%c%c, `%c'",
+			  error (0, 0, _("warning: the ambiguous octal escape \
+\\%c%c%c is being\n\tinterpreted as the 2-byte sequence \\0%c%c, `%c'"),
 				 s[i], s[i + 1], s[i + 2],
 				 s[i], s[i + 1], s[i + 2]);
 			}
@@ -538,11 +538,11 @@ unquote (unsigned char *s, size_t *len)
 		}
 	      break;
 	    case '\0':
-	      error (0, 0, "invalid backslash escape at end of string");
+	      error (0, 0, _("invalid backslash escape at end of string"));
 	      return 1;
 
 	    default:
-	      error (0, 0, "invalid backslash escape `\\%c'", s[i + 1]);
+	      error (0, 0, _("invalid backslash escape `\\%c'"), s[i + 1]);
 	      return 1;
 	    }
 	  ++i;
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ append_range (struct Spec_list *list, unsigned int first, unsigned int last)
       char *tmp2 = make_printable_char (last);
 
       error (0, 0,
-       "range-endpoints of `%s-%s' are in reverse collating sequence order",
+       _("range-endpoints of `%s-%s' are in reverse collating sequence order"),
 	     tmp1, tmp2);
       free (tmp1);
       free (tmp2);
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ append_char_class (struct Spec_list *list, const unsigned char *char_class_str,
     {
       char *tmp = make_printable_str (char_class_str, len);
 
-      error (0, 0, "invalid character class `%s'", tmp);
+      error (0, 0, _("invalid character class `%s'"), tmp);
       free (tmp);
       return 1;
     }
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ append_equiv_class (struct Spec_list *list, const unsigned char *equiv_class_str
     {
       char *tmp = make_printable_str (equiv_class_str, len);
 
-      error (0, 0, "%s: equivalence class operand must be a single character",
+      error (0, 0, _("%s: equivalence class operand must be a single character"),
 	     tmp);
       free (tmp);
       return 1;
@@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ find_bracketed_repeat (const unsigned char *p, size_t start_idx, size_t p_len, u
 	  if (non_neg_strtol (digit_str, digit_str_len, repeat_count))
 	    {
 	      char *tmp = make_printable_str (digit_str, digit_str_len);
-	      error (0, 0, "invalid repeat count `%s' in [c*n] construct",
+	      error (0, 0, _("invalid repeat count `%s' in [c*n] construct"),
 		     tmp);
 	      free (tmp);
 	      return -2;
@@ -1408,7 +1408,7 @@ validate (struct Spec_list *s1, struct Spec_list *s2)
   get_s1_spec_stats (s1);
   if (s1->n_indefinite_repeats > 0)
     {
-      error (1, 0, "the [c*] repeat construct may not appear in string1");
+      error (1, 0, _("the [c*] repeat construct may not appear in string1"));
     }
 
   /* FIXME: it isn't clear from the POSIX spec that this is invalid,
@@ -1417,8 +1417,8 @@ validate (struct Spec_list *s1, struct Spec_list *s2)
   if (complement && s1->has_upper_or_lower)
     {
       error (1, 0,
-	     "character classes may not be used when translating \
-and complementing");
+	     _("character classes may not be used when translating \
+and complementing"));
     }
 
   if (s2)
@@ -1427,13 +1427,13 @@ and complementing");
       if (s2->has_restricted_char_class)
 	{
 	  error (1, 0,
-		 "when translating, the only character classes that may \
-appear in\n\tstring2 are `upper' and `lower'");
+		 _("when translating, the only character classes that may \
+appear in\n\tstring2 are `upper' and `lower'"));
 	}
 
       if (s2->n_indefinite_repeats > 1)
 	{
-	  error (1, 0, "only one [c*] repeat construct may appear in string2");
+	  error (1, 0, _("only one [c*] repeat construct may appear in string2"));
 	}
 
       if (translating)
@@ -1441,8 +1441,8 @@ appear in\n\tstring2 are `upper' and `lower'");
 	  if (s2->has_equiv_class)
 	    {
 	      error (1, 0,
-		     "[=c=] expressions may not appear in string2 \
-when translating");
+		     _("[=c=] expressions may not appear in string2 \
+when translating"));
 	    }
 
 	  if (s1->length > s2->length)
@@ -1454,23 +1454,23 @@ when translating");
 
 		  if (s2->length == 0)
 		    error (1, 0,
-		     "when not truncating set1, string2 must be non-empty");
+		     _("when not truncating set1, string2 must be non-empty"));
 		  string2_extend (s1, s2);
 		}
 	    }
 
 	  if (complement && s2->has_upper_or_lower)
 	    error (1, 0,
-		   "character classes may not be used when translating \
-and complementing");
+		   _("character classes may not be used when translating \
+and complementing"));
 	}
       else
 	/* Not translating.  */
 	{
 	  if (s2->n_indefinite_repeats > 0)
 	    error (1, 0,
-		   "the [c*] construct may appear in string2 only \
-when translating");
+		   _("the [c*] construct may appear in string2 only \
+when translating"));
 	}
     }
 }
@@ -1502,7 +1502,7 @@ squeeze_filter (unsigned char *buf, long int size, PFI reader)
 	    nr = (*reader) (buf, size, NULL);
 
 	  if (nr < 0)
-	    error (1, errno, "read error");
+	    error (1, errno, _("read error"));
 	  if (nr == 0)
 	    break;
 	  i = 0;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ squeeze_filter (unsigned char *buf, long int size, PFI reader)
 	    }
 	  if (out_len > 0
 	      && fwrite ((char *) &buf[begin], 1, out_len, stdout) == 0)
-	    error (1, errno, "write error");
+	    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 	}
 
       if (char_to_squeeze != NOT_A_CHAR)
@@ -1599,7 +1599,7 @@ read_and_delete (unsigned char *buf, long int size, PFI not_used)
       int nr = safe_read (0, (char *) buf, size);
 
       if (nr < 0)
-	error (1, errno, "read error");
+	error (1, errno, _("read error"));
       if (nr == 0)
 	{
 	  hit_eof = 1;
@@ -1643,7 +1643,7 @@ read_and_xlate (unsigned char *buf, long int size, PFI not_used)
 
   chars_read = safe_read (0, (char *) buf, size);
   if (chars_read < 0)
-    error (1, errno, "read error");
+    error (1, errno, _("read error"));
   if (chars_read == 0)
     {
       hit_eof = 1;
@@ -1738,16 +1738,16 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
      of `cat' use `tr a a'.  */
   if (non_option_args > 2)
     {
-      error (0, 0, "too many arguments");
+      error (0, 0, _("too many arguments"));
       usage (2);
     }
 
   if (!delete && !squeeze_repeats && non_option_args != 2)
-    error (1, 0, "two strings must be given when translating");
+    error (1, 0, _("two strings must be given when translating"));
 
   if (delete && squeeze_repeats && non_option_args != 2)
-    error (1, 0, "two strings must be given when both \
-deleting and squeezing repeats");
+    error (1, 0, _("two strings must be given when both \
+deleting and squeezing repeats"));
 
   /* If --delete is given without --squeeze-repeats, then
      only one string argument may be specified.  But POSIX
@@ -1760,12 +1760,12 @@ deleting and squeezing repeats");
 	--non_option_args;
       else
 	error (1, 0,
-	       "only one string may be given when deleting \
-without squeezing repeats");
+	       _("only one string may be given when deleting \
+without squeezing repeats"));
     }
 
   if (squeeze_repeats && non_option_args == 0)
-    error (1, 0, "at least one string must be given when squeezing repeats");
+    error (1, 0, _("at least one string must be given when squeezing repeats"));
 
   spec_init (s1);
   if (parse_str ((unsigned char *) argv[optind], s1))
@@ -1796,7 +1796,7 @@ without squeezing repeats");
 	{
 	  nr = read_and_delete (io_buf, IO_BUF_SIZE, NULL);
 	  if (nr > 0 && fwrite ((char *) io_buf, 1, nr, stdout) == 0)
-	    error (1, errno, "write error");
+	    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 	}
       while (nr > 0);
     }
@@ -1851,7 +1851,7 @@ without squeezing repeats");
 	      c2 = get_next (s2, &class_s2);
 	      if (!class_ok[(int) class_s1][(int) class_s2])
 		error (1, 0,
-		     "misaligned or mismatched upper and/or lower classes");
+		     _("misaligned or mismatched upper and/or lower classes"));
 	      /* The following should have been checked by validate...  */
 	      if (c2 == -1)
 		break;
@@ -1873,17 +1873,17 @@ without squeezing repeats");
 	      chars_read = read_and_xlate (io_buf, IO_BUF_SIZE, NULL);
 	      if (chars_read > 0
 		  && fwrite ((char *) io_buf, 1, chars_read, stdout) == 0)
-		error (1, errno, "write error");
+		error (1, errno, _("write error"));
 	    }
 	  while (chars_read > 0);
 	}
     }
 
   if (fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (2, errno, "write error");
+    error (2, errno, _("write error"));
 
   if (close (0) != 0)
-    error (2, errno, "standard input");
+    error (2, errno, _("standard input"));
 
   exit (0);
 }
diff --git a/src/unexpand.c b/src/unexpand.c
index 0597a4d5e..4fd93788f 100644
--- a/src/unexpand.c
+++ b/src/unexpand.c
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
   if (have_read_stdin && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
     error (1, errno, "-");
   if (fclose (stdout) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "write error");
+    error (1, errno, _("write error"));
   exit (exit_status);
 }
 
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ parse_tabstops (stops)
 	  tabval = tabval * 10 + *stops - '0';
 	}
       else
-	error (1, 0, "tab size contains an invalid character");
+	error (1, 0, _("tab size contains an invalid character"));
     }
 
   add_tabstop (tabval);
@@ -249,9 +249,9 @@ validate_tabstops (tabs, entries)
   for (i = 0; i < entries; i++)
     {
       if (tabs[i] == 0)
-	error (1, 0, "tab size cannot be 0");
+	error (1, 0, _("tab size cannot be 0"));
       if (tabs[i] <= prev_tab)
-	error (1, 0, "tab sizes must be ascending");
+	error (1, 0, _("tab sizes must be ascending"));
       prev_tab = tabs[i];
     }
 }
@@ -444,15 +444,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Convert spaces in each FILE to tabs, writing to standard output.\n\
 With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
 \n\
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
       --version       output version information and exit\n\
 \n\
 Instead of -t NUMBER or -t LIST, -NUMBER or -LIST may be used.\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/uniq.c b/src/uniq.c
index 8f86e978f..7c4aa1c0d 100644
--- a/src/uniq.c
+++ b/src/uniq.c
@@ -252,10 +252,10 @@ check_file (infile, outfile)
 
  closefiles:
   if (ferror (istream) || fclose (istream) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "error reading %s", infile);
+    error (1, errno, _("error reading %s"), infile);
 
   if (ferror (ostream) || fclose (ostream) == EOF)
-    error (1, errno, "error writing %s", outfile);
+    error (1, errno, _("error writing %s"), outfile);
 
   free (lb1.buffer);
   free (lb2.buffer);
@@ -341,15 +341,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Discard all but one of successive identical lines from INPUT (or\n\
 standard input), writing to OUTPUT (or standard output).\n\
 \n\
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ standard input), writing to OUTPUT (or standard output).\n\
 \n\
 A field is a run of whitespace, than non-whitespace characters.\n\
 Fields are skipped before chars. \n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
diff --git a/src/wc.c b/src/wc.c
index 9346a2dbd..2a604cfb2 100644
--- a/src/wc.c
+++ b/src/wc.c
@@ -73,15 +73,15 @@ usage (status)
      int status;
 {
   if (status != 0)
-    fprintf (stderr, "Try `%s --help' for more information.\n",
+    fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
 	     program_name);
   else
     {
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
-",
+"),
 	      program_name);
-      printf ("\
+      printf (_("\
 Print line, word, and byte counts for each FILE, and a total line if\n\
 more than one FILE is specified.  With no FILE, or when FILE is -,\n\
 read standard input.\n\
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ read standard input.\n\
   -c, --bytes, --chars   print the byte counts\n\
       --help             display this help and exit\n\
       --version          output version information and exit\n\
-");
+"));
     }
   exit (status);
 }
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ main (argc, argv)
 	wc_file (argv[optind]);
 
       if (nfiles > 1)
-	write_counts (total_lines, total_words, total_chars, "total");
+	write_counts (total_lines, total_words, total_chars, _("total"));
     }
 
   if (have_read_stdin && close (0))