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author | Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu> | 2004-08-10 22:07:31 +0000 |
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committer | Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu> | 2004-08-10 22:07:31 +0000 |
commit | 4eafd1b11f51a337ef348c849ad32c8cb6cf9b70 (patch) | |
tree | b200d578e571e6e13b560ae368a5ca3e1d058ed8 | |
parent | 6e48f7ed86c4b3c5f2212976646f4a83c8c76d24 (diff) | |
download | coreutils-4eafd1b11f51a337ef348c849ad32c8cb6cf9b70.tar.xz |
(Common options): Clarify that "-" means
stdin/stdout only when it is an operand, not when it is an
option-argument.
(shred invocation): "shred -- -" is equivalent to "shred -",
not to "shred ./-".
(tee invocation): "tee -" means to copy (again) to stdout.
-rw-r--r-- | doc/coreutils.texi | 59 |
1 files changed, 28 insertions, 31 deletions
diff --git a/doc/coreutils.texi b/doc/coreutils.texi index ef9767cf3..c8bc74872 100644 --- a/doc/coreutils.texi +++ b/doc/coreutils.texi @@ -626,13 +626,13 @@ operands even if they begin with @samp{-}. For example, @samp{sort -- @cindex standard input @cindex standard output -A single @samp{-} is not really an option, though it looks like one. It +A single @samp{-} operand is not really an option, though it looks like one. It stands for standard input, or for standard output if that is clear from -the context, and it can be used either as an operand or as an -option-argument. For example, @samp{sort -o - -} outputs to standard -output and reads from standard input, and is equivalent to plain -@samp{sort}. Unless otherwise specified, @samp{-} can appear in any -context that requires a file name. +the context. For example, @samp{sort -} reads from standard input, +and is equivalent to plain @samp{sort}, and @samp{tee -} writes an +extra copy of its input to standard output. Unless otherwise +specified, @samp{-} can appear as any operand that requires a file +name. @menu * Exit status:: Indicating program success or failure. @@ -7309,31 +7309,6 @@ it's tidier, the @option{--zero} option adds an additional overwrite pass with all zero bits. This is in addition to the number of passes specified by the @option{--iterations} option. -@item - -@opindex - -Shred standard output. - -This argument is considered an option. If the common @samp{--} option has -been used to indicate the end of options on the command line, then @samp{-} -will be interpreted as an ordinary file name. - -The intended use of this is to shred a removed temporary file. -For example - -@example -i=`tempfile -m 0600` -exec 3<>"$i" -rm -- "$i" -echo "Hello, world" >&3 -shred - >&3 -exec 3>- -@end example - -Note that the shell command @samp{shred - >file} does not shred the -contents of @var{file}, since it truncates @var{file} before invoking -@command{shred}. Use the command @samp{shred file} or (if using a -Bourne-compatible shell) the command @samp{shred - 1<>file} instead. - @end table You might use the following command to erase all trace of the @@ -7352,6 +7327,24 @@ your hard disk, you could give a command like this: shred --verbose /dev/sda5 @end example +A @var{file} of @samp{-} denotes standard output. +The intended use of this is to shred a removed temporary file. +For example: + +@example +i=`tempfile -m 0600` +exec 3<>"$i" +rm -- "$i" +echo "Hello, world" >&3 +shred - >&3 +exec 3>- +@end example + +However, the command @samp{shred - >file} does not shred the contents +of @var{file}, since the shell truncates @var{file} before invoking +@command{shred}. Use the command @samp{shred file} or (if using a +Bourne-compatible shell) the command @samp{shred - 1<>file} instead. + @exitstatus @@ -9895,6 +9888,10 @@ If a file being written to does not already exist, it is created. If a file being written to already exists, the data it previously contained is overwritten unless the @option{-a} option is used. +A @var{file} of @samp{-} causes @command{tee} to send another copy of +input to standard output, but this is typically not that useful as the +copies are interleaved. + The program accepts the following options. Also see @ref{Common options}. @table @samp |