wc: speedup counting of short lines

Using a test file generated with:
  yes | head -n100M > 2x100M.txt

before> time wc -l 2x100M.txt
  real 0.842s
  user 0.810s
  sys  0.033s

after> time wc -l 2x100M.txt
  real 0.142s
  user 0.111s
  sys  0.031s

* src/wc.c (wc): Split the loop that deals with -l into 3.
The first is used at the start of the input to determine if
the average line length is < 15, and if so the second loop is
used to look for '\n' internally to wc.  For longer lines,
memchr is used as before to take advantage of system specific
optimizations which any outweigh function call overhead.
Note the first 2 loops could be combined, though in testing,
GCC 4.9.2 at least, wasn't sophisticated enough to separate
the loops based on the "check_len" invariant.
Note also __builtin_memchr() isn't significant here as
GCC currently only applies constant folding with that.
* NEWS: Mention the improvement.

2 files changed, 33 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 1a5123574..81031c6b0 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   stat and tail now know about IBRIX.  stat -f --format=%T now reports the file
   system type, and tail -f uses polling for files on IBRIX file systems.
 
+  wc -l processes short lines much more efficiently.
+
   References from --help and the man pages of utilities have been corrected
   in various cases, and more direct links to the corresponding online
   documentation are provided.
diff --git a/src/wc.c b/src/wc.c
index 8cb5163dc..ceb48ed89 100644
--- a/src/wc.c
+++ b/src/wc.c
@@ -264,6 +264,8 @@ wc (int fd, char const *file_x, struct fstatus *fstatus, off_t current_pos)
     {
       /* Use a separate loop when counting only lines or lines and bytes --
          but not chars or words.  */
+      bool long_lines = false;
+      bool check_len = true;
       while ((bytes_read = safe_read (fd, buf, BUFFER_SIZE)) > 0)
         {
           char *p = buf;
@@ -275,12 +277,41 @@ wc (int fd, char const *file_x, struct fstatus *fstatus, off_t current_pos)
               break;
             }
 
+          char *end = p + bytes_read;
+
+          /* Avoid function call overhead for shorter lines.  */
+          if (check_len)
+            while (p != end)
+              {
+                lines += *p++ == '\n';
+                /* If there are more than 150 chars in the first 10 lines,
+                   then use memchr, where system specific optimizations
+                   may outweigh function call overhead.
+                   FIXME: This line length was determined in 2015, on both
+                   x86_64 and ppc64, but it's worth re-evaluating in future with
+                   newer compilers, CPUs, or memchr() implementations etc.  */
+                if (lines <= 10)
+                  {
+                    if (p - buf > 150)
+                      {
+                        long_lines = true;
+                        break;
+                      }
+                  }
+              }
+          else if (! long_lines)
+            while (p != end)
+              lines += *p++ == '\n';
+
+          /* memchr is more efficient with longer lines.  */
           while ((p = memchr (p, '\n', (buf + bytes_read) - p)))
             {
               ++p;
               ++lines;
             }
+
           bytes += bytes_read;
+          check_len = false;
         }
     }
 #if MB_LEN_MAX > 1